1What are the 3 parts of the cardiovascular System?
Heart, circulation ( vessels), Blood
2What are the heart facts?
Beats 100k/per day, 3,784 L of blood through 60k miles of vessels, Transports o2 and waste co2
3Where does each side of the heart pump to?
Right = lungs, Left = everywhere else
4What is the location of the heart?
Between the lungs part of the mediastinum, Anterior to the vertebral column, Posterior to the sternum
5What is the size of the average adult heart?
340 Grams (11oz), Runs obliquely 12-14cm, extends from the second rib down to 5/6th intercostal area
6What is PMI>?
Point of maximal intensity, Where you can hear all 4 chambers of the heart
7Point on yourself where the apex and base of the heart would be located.
Apex is slightly under the left nipple, Base is slightly to the left of midline
8What are the 2 general protective coverings of the heart?
Fibrous pericardium, Serous pericardium
9What does the fibrous pericardium do?
provides tough protective covering, No elasticity, provides anchor to diagram and great vessels (aorta), Prevent over filling of the heart
10What is a cardiac Tamponade?
Compression of the heart by an accumulation of fluid in the pericardium sac
11What is the order of the protective covers starting with the outermost?
Fibrous pericardium, parietal pericardium, pericardial cavity, visceral pericardium
12What are the two types of serous pericardium?
Parietal (outer), Visceral (against heart)
13What does the parietal serous pericardium do?
Lines inner surface of fibrous pericardium, fuses to great vessels before turning and running inferior on the heart surface
14What is the function of the visceral pericardium?
Holds pericardial fluid to prevent friction between two layers of serous pericardium
15What is the serous fluid from?
derived from the vascular supply of serous membrane
16What is pericarditis? What does it do?
DANGER - Visceral layer may be replaced with scar tissue thus causing the adhesions
173 parts of the heart wall? Outer to innermost
Epicardium, Mycardium, Endocardium
18What is the function of the epicardium?
Same exact thing as the Visceral layer, thin transparent layer, patches of fat around the coronary vessels
19What is the myocardium?
Bulk of heart, Consist of cardiac muscle and connective tissue
20What is the endocardium?
Thin layer of simple squamous epithelium, lines inner surface of myocardium (chambers and valves), continues into blood vessels but is called endothelium
21What is myocarditis?
Inflamtion of the myocardium (bacterial and viral)
22What is endocarditis? Inflamtion of the endocardium, Usually infection such as alpha hemolytic streptococci following dental procedures
What is endocarditis? Inflamtion of the endocardium, Usually infection such as alpha hemolytic streptococci following dental procedures