1What is the origin of the trapezius muscle?
medial 1/3 of the superior nuchal line, external occipital protuberance, ligamentum nuchae, and spinous processes of C7-T12
2What is the insertion of the trapezius muscle?
lateral 1/3 of clavicle, acromion process, and spine of scapula
3What is the action of the upper fibres of the trapezius muscle?
elevation and upward rotation of the scapula, and extends head and neck
4What is the action of the middle fibres of the trapezius muscle?
retracts the scapula
5What is the action of the lower fibres of the trapezius muscle?
depresses the scapula and assists the superior fibres in upward rotation
6What is the innervation of the trapezius muscle?
CN XI Spinal Accessory Nerve
7What is the blood supply of the trapezius muscle?
transverse cervical artery (superficial branch)
8What is the origin of the latissimus dorsi muscle?
spinous processes of T7-S5 via thoracolumbar fascia, posterior iliac crest, ribs 10-12, and inferior angle of the scapula
9What is the insertion of the latissimus dorsi muscle?
floor of the bicipital groove of the humerus
10What is the action of the latissimus dorsi muscle?
extends, adducts, and internal rotation of the humerus
11What muscle is known as the swimmer's muscle and assists with forced inspiration when the arm is fixed?
latissimus dorsi
12What is the innervation of the latissimus dorsi muscle?
thoracodorsal nerve
13What is the blood supply of the latissimus dorsi muscle?
thoracodorsal artery
14What is the origin of the levator scapulae muscle?
transverse processes of C1-4
15What is the insertion of the levator scapulae muscle?
superior angle and vertebral border of scapula superior to the spine
16What are the actions of the levator scapulae muscle?
elevates scapula, downward rotation of scapula, and lateral flexion and extension of the cervical spine if shoulder is fixed
17What is the innervation of the levator scapulae muscle?
dorsal scapular nerve
18What is the blood supply of the levator scapulae muscle?
dorsal scapular artery
19What is the origin of the rhomboid minor muscle?
spinous processes of C7-T1
20What is the origin of the rhomboid major muscle?
spinous processes of T2-T5
21What is the insertion of the rhomboid minor muscle?
vertebral border of the scapula, including the root and above
22What is the insertion of the rhomboid major muscle?
vertebral border of the scapula below the spine
23What are the actions of the rhomboid minor and major muscles?
retracts scapula, elevates scapula, and downward rotation of scapula
24What does dysfunction, weakness, or nerve entrapment to the rhomboids cause?
winging of the medial border of the scapula
25What is the innervation of the rhomboid minor and major muscles?
dorsal scapular nerve
26What is the blood supply of the rhomboid minor and major muscles?
dorsal scapular artery
27What is the origin of serratus posterior superior?
spinous processes of C7-T3
28What is the insertion of serratus posterior superior?
ribs 2-5
29What is the action of serratus posterior superior?
elevates ribs during forced inspiration
30What is the origin of serratus posterior inferior?
spinous processes of T11-L2
31What is the insertion of serratus posterior inferior?
ribs 9-12
32What is the action of serratus posterior inferior?
depresses ribs during forced expiration
33What is the innervation of both serratus posterior superior and inferior?
Anterior rami of spinal nerves
34Which artery gives rise to the transverse cervical artery?
thyrocervical trunk
35Which branch of the transverse cervical artery supplies the trapezius?
superficial branch
36Which artery is the deep branch of the transverse cervical artery supplying levator scapula and rhomboids?
dorsal scapular artery
37Which artery supplies the latissimus dorsi?
thoracodorsal artery