Anatomy Evaluation Functions Review

basic life support functions like breathing and heart rate

part of the medulla, contains motor fibers which pass from the brain to the medulla and spinal cord

involved in movement, balance, and rhythm

medial ridge of cerebellum. looks like a worm/vermin

lateral portions of the cerebellum. for this course, it just means the larger lobes lateral to the vermis

tree-like branches of white matter in the cerebellum

bridge between cerebellum and brain to facilitate coordination of movement

contains the colliculi (superior for visual and inferior for auditory)

contains many structures including the red nucleus (automatic movement), substantia nigra (conscious movement), and the periaqueductal gray matter (pain processing).

it may also be related to awareness and consciousness, and other species specific behaviors

a gland located near the center of the brain, producing a hormone called melatonin, and is important for regulating sleep

contains 4 lobes, outer layer has grey matter, and plays an important role in consciousness

ridges on the service of the brain to increase surface area

grooves or fissures to increase surface area

separates left and right hemispheres

separates frontal and temporal lobe, and parietal and temporal lobe

separates frontal and parietal lobe

higher brain executive functions (planning, organizing, impulse control, decision making). contains primary motor cortex and is the most rostral (anterior) lobe

processes touch, temperature, and pain. contains primary somatosensory cortex, and is the most dorsal lobe

processes auditory information, contains primary auditory cortex, and is the most lateral lobe

processes visual information, contains primary visual cortex, and is the most caudal (posterior) lobe

primary gustatory cortex, located beneath the surface in folds under the lateral sulcus (this cortex is visible on sheep brain surface)

white matter connecting the two hemispheres and relays information. severing results in split-brain

consists of several interlinked structures. functions carry out motivated, social, and emotional behavior. is important (dare i say vital) to memory and learning

cortical gray matter dorsal to corpus callosum, separated sections by cingulate sulcus, involved with memory, emotion, and social behaviors

separates the gyrus from surrounding neocortex

involved in memory, emotion, and social behaviors

first location for olfactory information. projects directly to other limbic structures and cortex (bypassing the thalamus)

cranial nerve 2 (sensory), carries visual info, projecting from the retinas to the optic chiasm

x-shaped structure on the ventral surface of the brain, where the optic nerves cross. 50% from each nerve crosses over into the optic chiasm (i.e. half goes left, half goes right)

continuation of optic nerve, caudal (posterior) to optic chiasm. projects visual info to the thalamus for filtering

dark area between optic nerve and olfactory bulbs, surrounding optic chiasm. lacks a BBB (blood brain barrier). is used to induce vomiting since it can detect toxins which normally cannot reach the brain because of the BBB

relay of all sensory info (except smell), composed of many nuclei/substructures, projects and recieves info from cortexq

composed of several nuclei/substructures with specific functions. master of the master gland (pituitary, which is on the end of this structure). involved in the 4 fs (fight, flight, feed, sex having)