Absorption

Undergo biotransformation and turn the xenobiotic into a hydrophilic compound so it favors excretion.

The phospholipid bilayer consists of hydrophobic lipids and hydrophilic proteins.

Dispersion, Dipole Dipole, Hydrogen.

Nonpolar compounds down concentration gradient.

Compounds down electrochemical gradient.

Compound against electrochemical gradient driven by ATP.

Against electrochemical gradient, driven by ion moving down its gradient.

Down electrochemical gradient; May be gated by a ligand or ion.

It makes a compound more soluble in a polar solvent.

Higher pKa means weak acid and low means strong acid.

Donates protons and accepts electrons.

When a drug concentration is metabolized in a specific area before reaching circulation or site of action.

Polar molecules are hydrophilic, nonpolar molecules are hydrophobic.

An large surface area allows for a greater volume of food intake and more efficient absorption of nutrients into the bloodstream.

A hollow tube in the middle of your neck that protects your airways from foreign material.

The skins outermost layer, barrier that prevents unwanted material from entering body. Keratin and lipids.

The amount of dosage that will stay in you bloodstream, and how lipid soluble something is.

The substance is very lipid soluble.

Small, uncharged and hydrophobic.

Adding water to a larger molecule to break it apart into 2 smaller molecules.

Water soluble

Lipid soluble

A chemical reaction that involves the loss of electron, gain of oxygen.

A chemical reaction that involves the gain of electron, loss of oxygen.

Waste created from the breakdown or catabolism of old red blood cells through the liver. Toxic endogenous substance.

A natural detoxification process that your body does to get rid of toxic substances. Phase 2.

Adding hydrophilic or endogenous groups to the molecule to favor excretion.

Phase I metabolism consists of reduction, oxidation, or hydrolysis reactions.

Equilibrium constant for water. Low value means high hydrophilicity and high means low affinity for water.