Ecology
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Ecology
The study of the interactions between organisms and their environment
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Biosphere
The part of the earth where life can exist
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Ecosystem
consists of organisms and their interactioins with the environment
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Habitat
The place where an organism lives
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Population
All the members of the same species in an area
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Community
All the different populations in an area
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Abiotic Factors
Non living factors
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Biotic Factors
Living factors
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Climatic factors
Refers to weather over a long period of time
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Edaphic factors
relate to soil
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Producers
Organisms that carry out photosynthesis
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Flora
All the plants in an ecosystem
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Consumers
Organisms that feed off of another organism
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Fauna
All the animals in an ecosystem
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Decomposers
Organisms that feed on dead organic matter
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Detritus feeders
Organisms that feed on small pieces of dead organic matter
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Food chain
A sequence of organisms in which each one is eaten by the next
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Trophic level
A feeding level in a food chain
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Food web
Two or more interlinked food chains
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Pyramid of numbers
Represents the number of organisms at each trophic level in a food chain
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Niche
The role an organism plays in a community
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Nutrient recycling
The way in which elements are exchanged between the living and non-living components of an ecosystem
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*Nitrogen Fixation
*The conversion of nitrogen gas into nitrate
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*Nitrification
*The conversion of ammonia to nitrite and then to nitrate
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*Denitrification
*The conversion of nitrates to nitrogen gas
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Pollution
Any harmful addition to the environment
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Pollutants
Harmful additions to the environment
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Conservation
The wise management of natural resources in an ecosystem
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Competition
the struggle between organisms for a resource in short supply
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*Intra-specific competition
*Takes place between members of the same species
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*Inter-Specific competition
*Occurs between members of different species
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Contest competition
An active physical confrontation between two organisms in which only one wins the resource
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Scramble Competition
All of the competing individuals get some of the resource
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Predation
The hunting, killing, and eating of another organism
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Predator
An organisms that hunts, kills, and eats another organism
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Prey
The organism that is eaten by the predator
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Symbiosis
A close relationship between two organisms in which at least one benefits
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Parasitism
A relationship between two organisms of different species where one benefits and does harm to the other
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