Ecology
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1
Ecology
The study of the interactions between organisms and their environment
2
Biosphere
The part of the earth where life can exist
3
Ecosystem
consists of organisms and their interactioins with the environment
4
Habitat
The place where an organism lives
5
Population
All the members of the same species in an area
6
Community
All the different populations in an area
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Abiotic Factors
Non living factors
8
Biotic Factors
Living factors
9
Climatic factors
Refers to weather over a long period of time
10
Edaphic factors
relate to soil
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Producers
Organisms that carry out photosynthesis
12
Flora
All the plants in an ecosystem
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Consumers
Organisms that feed off of another organism
14
Fauna
All the animals in an ecosystem
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Decomposers
Organisms that feed on dead organic matter
16
Detritus feeders
Organisms that feed on small pieces of dead organic matter
17
Food chain
A sequence of organisms in which each one is eaten by the next
18
Trophic level
A feeding level in a food chain
19
Food web
Two or more interlinked food chains
20
Pyramid of numbers
Represents the number of organisms at each trophic level in a food chain
21
Niche
The role an organism plays in a community
22
Nutrient recycling
The way in which elements are exchanged between the living and non-living components of an ecosystem
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*Nitrogen Fixation
*The conversion of nitrogen gas into nitrate
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*Nitrification
*The conversion of ammonia to nitrite and then to nitrate
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*Denitrification
*The conversion of nitrates to nitrogen gas
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Pollution
Any harmful addition to the environment
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Pollutants
Harmful additions to the environment
28
Conservation
The wise management of natural resources in an ecosystem
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Competition
the struggle between organisms for a resource in short supply
30
*Intra-specific competition
*Takes place between members of the same species
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*Inter-Specific competition
*Occurs between members of different species
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Contest competition
An active physical confrontation between two organisms in which only one wins the resource
33
Scramble Competition
All of the competing individuals get some of the resource
34
Predation
The hunting, killing, and eating of another organism
35
Predator
An organisms that hunts, kills, and eats another organism
36
Prey
The organism that is eaten by the predator
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Symbiosis
A close relationship between two organisms in which at least one benefits
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Parasitism
A relationship between two organisms of different species where one benefits and does harm to the other
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