caritatoion evolution
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1
What is variation?
Differences between individuals of the same species.
2
What causes genetic variation?
Mutation, meiosis, and random fertilisation.
3
What causes environmental variation?
Factors such as diet, climate, and lifestyle.
4
What is continuous variation?
Variation showing a range of values.
5
What is discontinuous variation?
Variation with distinct categories.
6
Give an example of continuous variation.
Height.
7
Give an example of discontinuous variation.
Blood group.
8
What is evolution?
A change in inherited characteristics over time.
9
Who proposed evolution by natural selection?
Charles Darwin.
10
What is natural selection?
The process where advantageous traits are passed on.
11
What is a selection pressure?
A factor affecting survival and reproduction.
12
What is adaptation?
A feature increasing survival chances.
13
What is a species?
Organisms that can interbreed to produce fertile offspring.
14
What is speciation?
The formation of a new species.
15
What is allopatric speciation?
Speciation caused by geographical isolation.
16
What is reproductive isolation?
When populations can no longer interbreed.
17
What is directional selection?
Selection favouring one extreme phenotype.
18
What is stabilising selection?
Selection favouring the average phenotype.
19
What is disruptive selection?
Selection favouring both extreme phenotypes.
20
What is genetic drift?
Random changes in allele frequency.
21
What is the founder effect?
Reduced genetic variation from a small population.
22
What is a mutation?
A change in DNA sequence.
23
What is antibiotic resistance?
Bacteria surviving antibiotic treatment.
24
How does antibiotic resistance evolve?
Natural selection favours resistant bacteria.
25
What is artificial selection?
Humans breeding organisms with desired traits.
26
What is selective breeding?
Choosing parents with desirable characteristics.
27
What is biodiversity?
The variety of living organisms in an area.
28
Why is biodiversity important?
It maintains stable ecosystems.
29
What is conservation?
Protecting species and habitats.
30
What is extinction?
The permanent loss of a species.
31
What is a gene pool?
All the alleles in a population.
32
What is allele frequency?
How common an allele is in a population.
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