3.1.3 Lipids

A triglyceride is a glycerol joined to 3 fatty acids by a condensation reaction, making three ester bonds

A phoshpholipid is a glycerol joined to two fatty acids and an inorganic phosphate group by condensation reactions forming three ester bonds

A hydrocarbon chain that has or more double bonds between the carbon atoms

It is a large non-polar molecule that is insoluble in water. It does not affect the water potential of a cell

It is a large molecule that has a hydrophobic tail and a hydrophilic head which makes it polar. Due to the hydrophilic phosphate group it forms a bilayer in water.

Fatty acids, which are acidic, are released into the solution

Add ethanol to the test solution and shake. Then add water to the solution and shake again. If a lipid is present a white emulsion is formed.

Fatty acids used to make phospholipids. Phospholipids form cell membranes 》 more phospholipids means more cell membranes. Fatty acids are respired for energy. Energy used for cell production/named cell components