Active transport
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1
What does active transport need?
Energy
2
What do carrier proteins assist?
Active transport
3
What does active transport move?
Molecules and ions
4
How does active transport work?
Against a concentration gradient
5
What molecule is split in active transport?
ATP
6
What does ATP split into?
ADP and Pi (inorganic phosphate)
7
What is released when ATP is split?
Energy
8
What ion is shown in the diagram?
Calcium
9
What binds to the carrier protein?
Calcium ion
10
What happens when ATP is hydrolyzed?
Protein changes shape
11
Where does calcium move to?
Outside the cell
12
How is active transport different from diffusion?
Uses energy, moves low to high
13
What are co-transporters?
Carrier proteins
14
What do co-transporters bind?
Two molecules at a time
15
How do co-transporters work?
One molecule moves down its gradient, the other against
16
What two molecules are co-transported in the diagram?
Sodium and glucose
17
Where does sodium move in co-transport?
Into the cell
18
Where does glucose move in co-transport?
Into the cell
19
What powers glucose absorption in the ileum?
Sodium ion gradient
20
What decreases active transport rate?
Low concentration gradient
21
What increases active transport rate?
More carrier proteins
22
What happens if respiration stops?
Active transport stops
23
What powers active transport?
Energy from ATP
24
What enters epithelial cells with sodium?
Glucose
25
What maintains sodium concentration in the cell?
Sodium-potassium pump
26
What type of glucose transport is shown?
Co-transport
27
What is the role of co-transport?
Moves glucose into the blood
28
What is facilitated diffusion?
Movement down concentration gradient
29
What does active transport require?
Energy
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