Acids and Alkalis

An acid is a source of hydrogen ions, H⁺

An alkali is a source of hydroxide ions, OH⁻

0-6=acid
7=neutral
8-14=base

acidic= red
neutral=purple
alkali=blue

acid= red
alkali= yellow
neutral= yellow

acid= colourless
alkali= pink
neutral= colourless

The higher the concentration of hydrogen ions , the lower the pH

The higher the concentration of hydroxide ions, the high the pH

the pH of the solution increases by 1

A solution with a high water concentration, but low solute concentration

a solution containing a large amount of solute

They have at least one H+ that does not completely ionize

They have at least one H+ that completely ionizes

Any substance that reacts with an acid to form a salt. An alkali is a soluble base

salt + hydrogen

salt+water

salt+water

salt+water+carbon dioxide

salt+water

A lighted wooden splint makes a popping sound in a test tube of hydrogen.

Turns limewater cloudy

A reaction between an acid and a base

A reaction in which hydrogen ions from the acid react with hydroxide ions from the alkali to form water

To ensure all the reactant has reacted with the acid

To get a solution containing only the salt and water

There in no insoluble reactant that can be removed in filtration

All nitrates are soluble
Common chlorides are soluble except silver and lead
Common sulfates are soluble except Lead, Barium and Calcium
Common carbonates and Hydroxides are insoluble except Sodium, Potassium and Ammonium

The precipitate can be filtered, washed with water on the filter paper and then dried in an oven.