1What does "Sucesos" mean?
- Events or deeds of an honest observer
2Who wrote Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas?
Antonio de Morga
3When was Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas published?
1609
4Where was Morga’s Sucesos published?
Mexico
5After whom was the Philippines named in Morga’s title?
King Philip II of Spain
6How many chapters does Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas have?
8
7Who annotated Morga’s Sucesos?
José Rizal
8Who wrote the prologue of Rizal’s annotated Sucesos?
Ferdinand Blumentritt
9What was Antonio de Morga’s profession?
Lawyer and government official
10What other field was Morga involved in besides law?
Historical anthropology
11What was unique about Morga’s historical writing?
It was the first secular history of the Philippines
12What degree did Antonio de Morga hold?
Doctorate in Canon and Civil Law
13What was Morga’s main purpose in writing Sucesos?
To record Spanish deeds in discovery, conquest, and conversion of the Philippines
14What inspired Rizal to annotate Morga’s work?
His search for truth about Philippine history and his friendship with Blumentritt
15Where did Rizal discover Morga’s book?
London, British Museum
16How many pages did Rizal hand-copy of Morga’s book?
351 pages
17How long did Rizal spend writing the annotations?
4 months
18How long did it take to publish Rizal’s annotated Sucesos?
1 year
19When and where was Rizal’s annotated Sucesos published?
Paris, 1890
20Why did Rizal choose Morga’s work?
Because it was objective, secular, and trustworthy
21Why did Rizal prefer Morga over friar chroniclers?
Morga’s accounts were less biased and more sympathetic to Filipinos
22What perspective did Rizal’s annotations give to Philippine history?
The view of the colonized instead of the colonizers
23What was Rizal’s main purpose in annotating?
To awaken Filipino consciousness of their rich pre-colonial past
24What did Rizal want to correct through his annotations?
Distortions of Spanish chroniclers
25What did Rizal prove about pre-colonial Filipinos?
That they were civilized and advanced before Spanish colonization
26According to Rizal, what happened to Filipinos under Spanish rule?
They suffered depopulation, exploitation, and demoralization
27What phrase summarizes Rizal’s view of Filipinos under Spain?
“Without confidence in their past, without faith in the present, and without hope in the future.”
28In what language did Blumentritt write the prologue?
Spanish
29What did Blumentritt praise about Rizal’s annotated Sucesos?
Its rare scholarship and focus on Philippine history
30What criticism did Blumentritt give to Rizal?
He was too harsh on Catholicism, should’ve limited critique to friars
31When was Rizal’s annotated Sucesos re-published in the Philippines?
1958
32Which organization re-published Rizal’s annotated Sucesos in the Philippines?
Jose Rizal National Centennial Commission
33What is the legacy of Rizal’s annotations?
They are part of his nationalistic works to inspire pride and reclaim history