MIDTERM 1 part 1

The cardiovascular system is sometimes called

It consists of the heart, which is a muscular pumping device, and a closed system of vessels called arteries, veins, and capillaries.

located between the lungs

directed toward the inferior and left, tip of the heart

The wall of the heart consists of three layers

a thin membrane that lines the chambers and valves

the thick muscle layer that makes up most of the heart wall

a thin membrane that covers the heart

contains the heart and anchors it to surrounding structures, sternum and diaphragm

heart’s upper receiving chambers

lower pumping chambers

Chambers of the heart are divided by walls called

separates the two ventricles

divides the two atria

The heart pumps blood through two circuits :

The right side pumps blood to the lungs to be oxygenated through the

The left side pumps to the remainder of the body through the

1. The right atrium receives blood low in oxygen from all body tissues through the ________.

2. The blood then enters the ______ and is pumped to the lungs through the _______.

Blood returns from the lungs high in oxygen and enters the _______ through the _______.

Blood enters the _____ and is forcefully pumped into the ____ to be distributed to all tissues.

The valve between the right atrium and ventricle

right av valve is also known as

right av valve has ___ cusps

The valve between the left atrium and ventricle

left av valve is oftenly called as

left av valve has ___ cusps

The valves leading into the pulmonary artery and the aorta have ___.

Each cusp is shaped like a halfmoon described as

The valve at the entrance to the pulmonary artery is specifically named the

valve at the entrance to the aorta is the

produced as the heart functions
“lub and dup”
produced by alternate closings of the valves.

is heard when the valves between the chambers close

is produced when the valves leading into the aorta and pulmonary artery close.

Any sound made as the heart functions normally is termed a

Contraction of the heart

relaxation of the heart

The number of times the heart contracts per minute.

located in the upper right atrium and called the pacemaker because it sets the rate of the heartbeat.

located at the bottom of the right atrium near the ventricle. Internodal fibers between the SA and AV nodes carry stimulation throughout both atria

at the top of the interventricular septum.
transmits impulses from the av node to the top of the interventricular septum