1Mission-oriented science focused on preserving biodiversity
Conservation biology
2What are the 3 components of biodiversity?
All forms of life, levels of organization, and interactions between levels
3What is the main goal of conservation biology?
Protect biodiversity from human alteration
4What are the different types of ecological interactions?roma
Predation, mutualism, herbivory, parasitism, and commensalism
5What are the three main explanations of how population growth impacts biodiversity?
Overpopulation, affluence, and technological advancement
6Which conservation ethic arose in the mid-1800s and believed in preservation of nature for nature's sake?
Romantic transcendental conservation ethic
7Which conservation ethic arose in the early 1900s and believed in the efficient use of natural resources for the greatest good?
Resource conservation ethic
8Which conservation ethic arose in the mid-1900s and believed in integrated systems that humans are a part of?
Evolutionary-ecological land ethic
9Who held romantic transcendental consservation ethic views?
Emerson, Muir, and Thoreau
10Who held resource conservation ethic views?
Pinchot
11Who held evolutionary-ecological land ethic values?
Leopold
12Biological and chemical processes needed for the survival of species/communities/ecosystems
Functional diversity
13Variety of terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems
Ecological diversity
14Variety of genetic material within a species or population
Genetic diversity
15Number and abundance of species present in different communities
Species diversity
16What are the three levels of biodiversity assessment?
Structural, compositional, and functional
17What are the two different components of diversity?
Number of things and evenness of representation
18What does species richness indicate?
Number of species present
19What does Simpson's diversity index indicate?
Species richness corrected for total abundance
20What does the Shannon-Wiener index indicate?
Uniqueness of species in a sample
21Which speciation process reduces gene flow between populations via geographical separation?
Allopatric speciation
22Which speciation process takes place in populations that occur in the same ecosystem?
Sympatric speciation
23What are the different types of ecosystem services?
Supporting, provisioning, regulating, and cultural
24Maximum amount of a renewable resource that can be harvested without compromising the future availability of that resource
Maximum sustainable yield
25What are the four types of economic valuation?
Direct use, indirect use, option, and existence
26What three things do vulnerability assessments consider?
Sensitivity, exposure, and adaptive capacity
27Physical arrangements of disturbance and habitat
Structural connectivity
28Behavioral response of organisms and their ability to use their habitat
Functional connectivity
29What are the four types of randomness of population viability?
Demographic, environmental, extinction-colonization, regional
30Steps of the invasion process
Transport, introduction, establishment, spread, impacts