MLT 101.3.1

short for biological hazard; anything harmful or potentially harmful to health

term used to describe the safe handling of biological substances that pose a risk to health

infectious microorganisms in blood or other body fluids

Center for Disease Control; U.S. Public Health Service division that investigates and controls epidemic disease

Department of Transportation

National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health; conducts research and makes recommendations to prevent work-related injury and illness

Occupational Safety and Health Administration; enforces safe working conditions for employees

condition when a microorganism invades the body, multiplies, and causes injury or disease

a microscopic organism, especially a bacterium, virus, or fungus

microorganism that causes or produces disease

patient infections acquired in hospitals

infections acquired during healthcare delivery in any setting, including home care

components required for infection transmission

place where microorganism can survive, grow, or multiply

route microorganisms leave the reservoir (eyes, nose, wounds, blood, feces, urine)

how infection spreads (airborne, contact, droplet, vector, vehicle)

how microorganisms enter the body (orifices, mucous membranes, breaks in skin, invasive procedures)

individual with decreased ability to resist infection (newborns, elderly, immunosuppressed)

breaks chain of infection, tracks infections, evaluates and treats exposed employees

health checks before/during employment (TB, skin, diarrheal conditions)

virus attacking the liver; most common lab-associated infection; OSHA requires free vaccine within 10 days of assignment

measles, mumps, rubella vaccine provided to healthcare employees

most important method to prevent infection spread

protects mucous membranes, airways, skin, and clothing from infectious substances

protect hands; required when handling blood, fluids, or contaminated items

protect skin and clothing; fluid-resistant

protect eyes, nose, and mouth from splashes or sprays

provide stronger protection than masks

CDC strategy treating all blood and body fluids as infectious

gloves required for any contact with moist body substances

combined approach of UP and BSI

specific protections for airborne, droplet, or contact infections

ways infectious agents enter the body (parenteral, ingestion, airborne, non-intact skin, percutaneous, permucosal)

exposure route other than digestive tract

exposure from contaminated hands during eating, drinking, or chewing objects

inhalation of splashes, aerosols, or fumes

entry through cuts, burns, scratches, sores, or dermatitis

needle sticks, broken glass, specimen tube accidents

entry through eyes, nose, or mouth mucous membranes

infectious microorganisms in blood and other body fluids and tissues

federal OSHA regulation to reduce occupational exposure to blood-borne pathogens

hepatitis B virus

hepatitis C virus

human immunodeficiency virus

blood-borne viral pathogen

bacterium causing syphilis

disease caused by blood-borne protozoa

rare fatal brain disorder spread through infected tissue

virus spread by infected mosquitoes, can be blood-borne