Computer Hardware Components
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1
What is a CPU?
Central Processing Unit; executes instructions and performs calculations for a computer.
2
What is a motherboard?
The main circuit board that connects and allows communication between computer components.
3
What is RAM?
Temporary volatile memory used by active programs and processes.
4
What is a GPU?
Graphics Processing Unit; processes graphics and performs parallel computations.
5
What is a PSU?
Power Supply Unit; converts electrical power into usable power for computer components.
6
What is a heatsink?
A component that absorbs and dissipates heat from hardware.
7
What is CPU cache?
Small high-speed memory that stores frequently accessed data for faster CPU access.
8
What is a CPU core?
An individual processing unit within a CPU that can execute instructions.
9
What is an expansion slot?
A motherboard connection that allows additional cards to be installed.
10
What is PCIe?
Peripheral Component Interconnect Express; a high-speed interface used for expansion cards.
11
What is a graphics card?
An expansion card containing a GPU that processes visual output.
12
What is a sound card?
An expansion card or integrated component that processes audio input and output.
13
What is a NIC?
Network Interface Card; hardware that connects a computer to a network.
14
What is an SSD?
Solid State Drive; storage that uses flash memory and has no moving mechanical parts.
15
What is an HDD?
Hard Disk Drive; storage that uses spinning magnetic disks and moving read/write heads.
16
What is the difference between SSD and HDD?
SSDs are generally faster quieter and more durable while HDDs generally offer more storage for a lower price.
17
What is volatile memory?
Memory that loses its contents when power is removed.
18
What is nonvolatile memory?
Memory that retains its data when power is removed.
19
What is an input device?
A device that sends information to a computer.
20
What is an output device?
A device that presents information from a computer.
21
What are examples of input devices?
Keyboard mouse scanner microphone and webcam.
22
What are examples of output devices?
Monitor printer speakers and projector.
23
What is a hardware bottleneck?
A component limiting the performance of the entire computer system.
24
What is ESD?
Electrostatic Discharge; a sudden transfer of static electricity that can damage electronic components.
25
What are common symptoms of PSU failure?
Unexpected shutdowns failure to power on random restarts or unstable power.
26
What can cause a computer to overheat?
Dust blocked airflow failed fans dried thermal paste or excessive workload.
27
What is a UPS?
Uninterruptible Power Supply; provides temporary battery power when normal electrical power fails.
28
What is a surge protector?
A device that protects electronics against sudden voltage spikes.
29
What is a POST beep code?
An audible signal produced during startup that can indicate hardware problems.
30
What should be checked before installing new hardware?
Compatibility power requirements available connections and manufacturer instructions.
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