1Absolute Quantities
Quantities of substances measured from a perfect vacuum, starting from absolute zero.
2Absolute Pressure
Pressure measured from a perfect vacuum.
3Specific Quantities
Quantities of properties per unit mass of a substance.
4Specific Volume
The volume of a substance per unit mass.
5Intensive Values
Properties that are independent of mass, such as temperature and pressure.
6Extensive Values
Properties that depend on mass, such as volume and energy.
7Phase
A state in which a substance is uniform throughout its mass.
8Three Phases of Matter
Solid, liquid, and vapour (or gas).
9Single Phase
When a substance exists in only one phase and is homogeneous.
10Two-Phase Mixture
When two phases coexist, such as a solid melting into a liquid or a liquid transforming into vapour.
11Heterogeneous Mixture
A mixture where multiple phases exist together.
12Triple Point
The specific temperature and pressure at which solid, liquid, and gas phases coexist in thermodynamic equilibrium.
13Triple Point of Water
0.01°C.