1Definition of hypertension according to office BP? (Reference: PH CPG 2020)
140/90 or above (at least twice on 2 separate days)
2Definition of hypertension according to ambulatory BP monitoring? (Reference: PH CPG 2020)
Mean daytime BP ≥135/85;
Mean nighttime BP ≥120/70;
Mean 24-hour BP ≥130/80
3Definition of hypertension according to home BP monitoring? (Reference: PH CPG 2020)
Home BP ≥135/85
4Recommended method of confirming HTN diagnosis? (Reference: PH CPG 2020)
Out of office BP measurements
ABPM (preferred)
HBPM (alternative)
5Recommended BP classification for adult Filipinos with HTN? (Reference: PH CPG 2020)
Normal BP <120/80;
Borderline BP 120-130/80-90;
Hypertension ≥140/90
6Recommended BP monitoring device for adult Filipinos? (Reference: PH CPG 2020)
Properly validated semi-automated oscillometric sphygmomanomenter
7Therapeutic threshold and goal BP among adult hypertensive Filipinos? (Reference: PH CPG 2020)
Threshold ≥140/90;
Goal <130/80
8Therapeutic threshold and goal BP among elderly hypertensive Filipinos? (Reference: PH CPG 2020)
Threshold ≥150/90;
Goal <140/90
9Recommended sodium restriction for hypertensive patients? (Reference: PH CPG 2020)
1500 mg/day
10Recommended weight loss for hypertensive patients? (Reference: PH CPG 2020)
≥5% of baseline weight
11Definition of uncomplicated hypertension? (Reference: PH CPG 2020)
Sustained BP ≥140/90 without associated HMOD
12First-line antihypertensive drugs for uncomplicated hypertension? (Reference: PH CPG 2020)
ACEi or ARB, CCB, thiazide/thiazide-like diuretics
13Indication for initiating combination antihypertensive therapy? (Reference: PH CPG 2020)
BP >150/100 (or >160/100 in elderly)
14Indications for beta blockers as initial antihypertensive therapy? (Reference: PH CPG 2020)
CAD, ACS, high sympathetic drive, pregnant women
15When to follow up newly diagnosed hypertensive patients? (Reference: PH CPG 2020)
1 month, 2-3 weeks for patients with exceptionally elevated readings
16Definition of resistant hypertension? (Reference: PH CPG 2020)
BP that remains above target despite the concurrent use of 3 or more antihypertensives of different classes (one should be a diuretic and all are prescribed at maximum tolerated doses);
BP is controlled but requiring 4 or more antihypertensives
17Drug class providing significant benefit with resistant hypertension? (Reference: PH CPG 2020)
Aldosterone antagonists
18Therapeutic threshold and goal BP among adults with diabetes? (Reference: PH CPG 2020)
Threshold ≥140/90;
Goal <130/80
19Preferred antihypertensive drugs for adults with diabetes? (Reference: PH CPG 2020)
Low-dose combination of RAAS blocker (ACEi or ARB) with CCB or thiazide/thiazide-like diuretic
20BP level to start pharmacotherapy among adults with CKD to prevent cardiovascular complications and renal progression? (Reference: PH CPG 2020)
≥140/90
21Goal BP among adults with CKD (pre-dialysis)? (Reference: PH CPG 2020)
Low CVD risk or CKD IV-V: <140/90;
High CVD risk or CKD I-III: <130/80
22BP level to initiate pharmacotherapy with TWO drugs among adults with CKD? (Reference: PH CPG 2020)
≥160/100
23Antihypertensive of choice for adults with CKD? (Reference: PH CPG 2020)
ACEi, ARB, thiazide-like diuretics, dihydropyridine CCB
24First-line antihypertensive of choice for adults with CKD with albuminuria? (Reference: PH CPG 2020)
ACEi or ARB at maximally tolerated dose. These medications should not be discontinued unless serum creatinine level rise above 30% over baseline during the first two months of treatment or hyperkalemia.
25Alternative antihypertensive for adults with CKD with albuminuria? (Reference: PH CPG 2020)
Non-dihydropyridine CCB (verapamil or diltiazem)
26Threshold and target BP for adults with acute ischemic stroke who are eligible for IV thrombolysis but not mechanical thrombectomy? (Reference: PH CPG 2020)
<185/110 prior to treatment and during infusion;
<180/105 for the next 24 hours after treatment
27First-line antihypertensive of choice for adults with acute ischemic stroke who are eligible for IV thrombolysis but not mechanical thrombectomy? (Reference: PH CPG 2020)
Nicardipine 5 mg/hr IV, titrate by 2.5 mg/hr every 5-15 min, max 15 mg/hr
28Alternative antihypertensives of choice for adults with acute ischemic stroke who are eligible for IV thrombolysis but not mechanical thrombectomy? (Reference: PH CPG 2020)
Labetalol 10 mg IV over 1-2 mins, then 2-8 mg/min IV infusion
29Threshold and target BP for adults with acute ischemic stroke who are eligible for mechanical thrombectomy (with or without IV thrombolysis)? (Reference: PH CPG 2020)
<185/100 before, during, and after procedure
30Pharmacologic agent which may be used to achieve target BP among adults with acute ischemic stroke who are not eligible for IV thrombolysis or mechanical thrombectomy? (Reference: PH CPG 2020)
IV Nicardipine
31Threshold for BP lowering in the first few hours among adults with acute hypertensive parenchymal ICH? (Reference: PH CPG 2020)
SBP ≥180
32Target BP when lowering BP in acute ICH? (Reference: PH CPG 2020)
SBP <180 (avoid reductions ≥60 in 1 hour, avoid lowering acutely to <140)
33Target BP for secondary prevention among adults with a history of stroke? (Reference: PH CPG 2020)
≤130/80
34Diagnostic criteria for gestational hypertension? (Reference: PH CPG 2020)
SBP ≥140 and/or DBP ≥90 on 2 occasions at least 4 hours apart after 20 weeks of gestation in a woman with previously normal BP
35Criteria for pre-eclampsia? (Reference: PH CPG 2020)
Elevated BP and proteinuria
36In the absence of proteinuria, how can pre-eclampsia be diagnosed? (Reference: PH CPG 2020)
New onset hypertension with the new onset of any of the following:
thrombocytopenia;
renal insufficiency (elevated creatinine);
impaired liver function (elevated transaminases);
pulmonary edema;
new-onset headache
37Criteria for eclampsia? (Reference: PH CPG 2020)
New-onset tonic-clonic, focal, or multifocal seizures in the absence of other causative conditions in a pregnant woman with pre-eclampsia
38First-line antihypertensives for urgent BP control in pregnancy? (Reference: PH CPG 2020)
IV Hydralazine and Labetalol
39Alternative antihypertensives for urgent BP control in pregnancy? (Reference: PH CPG 2020)
IV Nicardipine, extended release oral nifedipine
40First-line oral antihypertensives for pregnancy? (Reference: PH CPG 2020)
Methyldopa, CCB (Nifedipine ER), Beta Blockers (Labetalol)
41Second-line oral antihypertensives for pregnancy? (Reference: PH CPG 2020)
Hydrochlorothiazide
42Threshold for starting pharmacologic treatment for hypertension among pediatric patients? (Reference: PH CPG 2020)
Hypertensive even after 6 months of lifestyle modification;
Symptomatic hypertension or Stage 2 hypertension;
Presence of comorbidities or any evidence of target organ involvement
43Goal of pharmacologic therapy among hypertensive pediatric patients? (Reference: PH CPG 2020)
Reduction in SBP and DBP to <90th percentile and <120/80 in adolescents ≥13 years old
44BP target among children with CKD? (Reference: PH CPG 2020)
≤50th percentile
45Preferred antihypertensive medications for children? (Reference: PH CPG 2020)
ACEi (Enalapril, Captopril);
ARB (Losartan, Valsartan);
CCB (Amlodipine)
46Definition of acute severe hypertension? (Reference: PH CPG 2024)
SBP ≥180 or DBP ≥110 without signs and symptoms of hypertension-mediated organ damage
47Symptoms to elicit among patients with acute severe hypertension? (Reference: PH CPG 2024)
Focal neurologic complaints; Visual impairment; Dyspnea; Chest pain; Headache
48Among adult patients with acute severe hypertension whose BP does not respond after 2 hours of rest, what is suggested to decrease BP? (Reference: PH CPG 2024)
Initiation or intensification of oral antihypertensive medication
49Recommended rate of BP lowering among adult patients with acute severe hypertension? (Reference: PH CPG 2024)
Gradual reduction over 24-48 hours
50BP target for adult patients with hypertensive emergency and intracerebral hemorrhage? (Reference: PH CPG 2024)
SBP <140 within 1 hour
51Recommended pharmacologic option for adult patients with hypertensive emergency? (Reference: PH CPG 2024)
IV Nicardipine
52Recommended pharmacologic option for adult patients with hypertensive emergency and a cardiovascular event? (Reference: PH CPG 2024)
IV Nitrates
53In adult patients with hypertensive emergency, which IV antihypertensives are suggested not to be used for BP reduction? (Reference: PH CPG 2024)
Labetalol; Hydralazine (specifically for non-pregnant)