Job Quality

Membership of an occupation involves engagement on a regular basis in a part or the whole of a range of work tasks which are identified under a particular heading or title by both those carrying out these tasks and by a wider public

Wages, employment quality, education and training, working conditions, work life balance, consultative participation

Economists emphasise earnings. Sociologists emphasise non-economics aspects (seperation of conception vs execution - Marx). Psychologists emphasise autonomy, control and self-actualisation

Socio democratic regimes - higher proportion of higher quality jobs. More affluent areas have higher levels of job quality

Rising levels of employment, rising levels of skill, rising work intensity, fall average wages, improved hours and physical environment

Occupation which have been relatively successful in gaining high status and autonomy in certain societies on the basis of a claimed specialist expertise over which they have gained a degree of monopoly control

Concerned with the breakdown of society. Professions could introduce an element of stability and cohesion

Professions as linked to ownership and control. Equally, risk of proletarianisation of professions

Social closure: state-sanctioned monopoly - a way of limiting access and regulating conditions in their favour. Power of interest groups

PSFs not representative of society. Firms continue to value those with the same forms of social and cultural capital despite acknowledging exclusion of talented individuals

Occupations that are stigmaatised because of associations with problematic physical, social and/or moral issues

Development of a strong workgroup culture - reframing, recalibrating, refocusing. Securing a positive identity: condemning the codemners and selective social comparing

40 million in slavery worldwide. 71% are women and girls, over 10000 are in the UK

The status or condition of a person over whom any or all of the powers attaching to the right of ownership are exercised.

Lower levels of slavery associated with higher levels of globalisation and economic development and higher levels of democracy and greater protection of human rights
Higher levels of slavery associated with presence of armed conflict

Labour intensity, low margins, low legitimacy business, poverty and unemployment, weak governance and regulation

Violence, debt, false/opening accounting, trafficking, moral legitimisation, bribary

Pay and benefits, employment contracts, work-life balance, job design and the nature of work, relationships at work, employee voice, health and wellbeing

The content and organisation of one's work tasks, activities, relationships and responsibilities. Workload, autonomy, resources, purpose, job complexity, skills, career development