ENGG ECON

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1
$Simple\ Interest\ $
$(I)$
$I\ =\ P\ i\ n$
2
$Simple\ Interest\ $
$Future\ Worth\ (F)$
$F\ =\ P\ \left(1+\ in\right)$
3
Simple Interest
CASH FLOW DIAGRAM
4
$Compound\ Interest$
$Future\ Worth\ (F)$
$F\ =\ P\ {\left(1+\ i\right)\ }^n$
5
$Interest\ Rate$
$(i)$
$i\ =\ \frac{F\ -\ P}{P}$
6
$Discount\ Rate$
$(d)$
$d\ =\ \frac{F\ -\ P}{F}$
$d\ =\ \frac{i}{1+i}\ \ $
7
$Compound\ Interest\ $
$Future\ Worth\ (F)$
(A.K.A Lump Sum)
$F\ =\ P\ \left(1+\ \frac{r}{m}\right)^{m\ t}\ \ $
8
TRANSFER of VALUE in
CASH-FLOW DIAGRAM
$ F\ =\ \ Value\ \left(1+\ \frac{r}{m}\ \right)^{\left(to\right)\ -\ \left(from\right)}$
9
DEFERRED ANNUITY
delayed payment
10
ANNUITY DUE
$$
best USE a FORMULA
$P\ =\ \frac{A\ \left[\left(1+\ \frac{r}{m}\right)^{m\ t}\ -1\right]}{\frac{r}{m}\ \left(1+\ \frac{r}{m}\right)^{m\ t}}$
$F\ =\ \frac{A\ \left[\left(1+\ \frac{r}{m}\right)^{m\ t}\ -1\right]}{\frac{r}{m}}\ $
n= number of payments
11
$Effective\ Rate$
$ (i_e)\ $
$i_e=\ \left(1+\frac{r}{m}\right)^m-1$
12
$Compounded\ Continously\ $
$Future\ Worth\ (F)$
$F\ =\ P\ {e\ }^{r\ n}\ \ $
13
CALTECH CONCEPT
$$
PRESENT WORTH ANNUITY
not in reference 0
(e.g. must be "n-2")
14
ORDINARY ANNUITY
FUTURE WORTH is ALWAYS at the LAST PAYMENT
PRESENT WORTH is ALWAYS BEFORE the FIRST PAYMENT
15
if the word
CONTINUOUSLY
is INDICATED,
the base formula can be
altered by
$\left(1+\ i\right)\ =\ \ \ e^{r\ }$

also the same as

EFFECTIVE RATE

$ER\ =\ e^r-1$
16
$Annuity$
$Future\ Worth\ (F)$
$F\ =\ \frac{A\ \left[\left(1+\ \frac{r}{m}\right)^{m\ t}\ -1\right]}{\frac{r}{m}}$
$ F\ =\ A\bullet\sum_{start}^{end}\left(\left(1+\frac{r}{m}\right)^{x-1}\right)$
17
$Annuity\ $
$ Present\ Worth\ (P) $
$P\ =\ \frac{A\ \left[\left(1+\ \frac{r}{m}\right)^{m\ t}\ -1\right]}{\frac{r}{m}\ \left(1+\ \frac{r}{m}\right)^{m\ t}}$
$P\ =\ A\bullet\sum_{start}^{end}\left(\left(1+\frac{r}{m}\right)^{-x}\right)$
18
$Annuity\ $
COMPOUNDED CONTINUOUSLY
$Future\ Worth\ (F) $
$\left(1+\ i\right)\ =\ e^r$
$F\ =\ \frac{A\ \left[\left(1+\ i\right)^n\ -1\right]}{i}$

$F\ =\ \frac{A\ \left[\ {e\ }^{r\ n}-1\right]}{e^{\ r\ }-1}$
19
$Arithmetic\ Gradient$
CALTECH
$MODE\ 3-2\ \ \left(y=A+Bx\right)\ \ Linear$
$P\ =\ \sum_{start}^{end}\left(\left(A+Bx\right)\left(1+\frac{r}{m}\right)^{-x}\right)$
20
$Geometric\ Gradient$
CALTECH
$MODE\ 3-6\ \ \ \ \left(y=\ A\ B^x\right)\ \ \ Exponential$
$P\ =\ \sum_{start}^{end}\left(\left(A\ B^x\right)\left(1+\frac{r}{m}\right)^{-x}\right)$
21
$Perpetuity$
$(P)$
$P\ =\ \frac{A}{i}$
22
$Capitalized\ Cost$
$(CC)$
$CC=\ FC\ +\ \frac{OC}{i}+\ \frac{FC\ -\ SV}{\left(1+i\right)^n-1}$
n= interval of that cost
(e.g. every 5 yrs; n=5)
23
$Annual\ Cost$
$ (AC) $
$AC=\ CC\ \bullet\ i $
24
$Depreciation$
$Book\ Value\ (BV)$
$BV_m=\ FC\ -\ D_m$
25
$Straight\ Line\ Method$
CALTECH
26
$Sum\ of\ Years\ Digit\ Method$
CALTECH
27
$Declining\ Balance\ Method$
$Matheson\ Method$
$Constant\ Percentage\ Depreciation$
CALTECH
$SV\ =\ FC\ \left(1-\ k\right)^n$
$BV_m\ =\ FC\ \left(1-\ k\right)^m$
28
$Double\ Declining\ Balance\ Method$
$(Book\ Value\ at\ Certain\ Year)$
${BV}_m$
${BV}_m=\ FC\ \left(1-\ \frac{2}{n}\right)^m\le\ SV$
29
$Double\ Declining\ Balance\ Method$
$(Book\ Value\ at\ Certain\ Year)$
${BV}_m$
${BV}_m=\ FC\ \left(1-\ \frac{2}{n}\right)^m\le\ SV$
30
$Double\ Declining\ Balance\ Method$
Total Depreciation
up to the Particular Year
$(D_m)$
$D_m\ =\ FC\ -\ {BV}_m$
31
$Double\ Declining\ Balance\ Method$
$(Depreciation\ \ in\ Particular\ Year)$
$(d_m)$
$d_m=\ {BV}_{\left(m-1\right)}-{BV}_m$
32
$Sinking\ Fund\ Method$
$(Depreciation\ EVERY\ time\ (yr)\ given)$
$(d)$
$d\ =\ \frac{\left(FC-\ SV\right)\ i}{\left(1+i\right)^n-1}$
33
$Sinking\ Fund\ Method$
$(Total\ Depreciation\ up\ $
$to\ Particular\ Year)$
$(D_m)$
$D_m\ =\ \frac{d\ \left(1+i\right)^m\ -1}{i}$
34
$MACRS\ Method$
$ (First\ Year\ Depreciation) $
$\%\ d_1=\ \frac{1}{n} $
$\downdownarrows THEN\downdownarrows$
$ {\ d}_1\ =\ \%\ d_1\bullet\ FC$
35
$MACRS\ Method$
$(Suceeding\ Year\ Depreciation)$
$\%\ d_m=\ \frac{2}{n}\ \left(1-\sum\left(\begin{matrix}all\ the\ prev.\\depre.\ rate\\\end{matrix}\right)\right)\ $
$\downdownarrows THEN\downdownarrows$
$ d_m\ =\ \%\ d_m\bullet\ FC$
36
$MACRS\ Method$
$(Total\ Depreciation\ up\ to\ Particular\ Year)$
$(D_m)$
$D_m=\ FC\bullet\sum\left(\begin{matrix}all\ the\ prev.\\depre.\ rate\\\end{matrix}\right)$
37
$Service\ Output\ Method$
CALTECH
38
CASH PRICE = PRESENT WORTH
CASH PRICE = PRESENT WORTH
39
BI- MONTHLY
payment every 2months

BI- MONTHLY
means
m=6

40
LEASE means ...
PAYMENT
at the
Beggining of each PERIOD
41
INFLATION
$F_{price}\ =\ \ P_{price\ }\left(1+\ i\right)^n$
42
inflation rate
REAL INTEREST RATE
$i_f\ =\ i\ +\ f\ +\ if$
43
Rate of Return
$Rate\ of\ Return\ (\%)= \dfrac{Annual\ Net\ Profit}{Total\ Capital}$
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