1Who won the 1970 general election?
Conservative win
2What was the conference in January, 1970?
Selsdon Park conference, which laid out right-wing economic and legislative proposals, such as a smaller state and not helping 'lame ducks'
3What was the Selsdon man?
A term coined by Wilson to oppose Heath and make his policies seem bad
4When was the U-Turn? Why?
1972, Heath didn't particularly agree with the policies and they would not have fit the economic needs att
5Barber Boom
1970-1974, £330m in tax and spending cuts; built largely on credit and borrowing
7Industry Act
1972, introduced different forms of state intervention and support for failing industries, and encouraged corporatism
8Rolls Royce
Nationalisation of prestigious engineering firm in 1971
9IRA
Republican; split between Official IRA and Provisional IRA in 1970
10INLA
Republican; formed out of Official IRA in1974
13Bloody Sunday
1972; 14 unarmed civilians killed by British soldiers during a Catholic civil rights march in Northern Ireland
14Decimalisation
1971, currency
15British application and entry to EEC
1971&73; de Gaulle gone
16What crisis took place in 1973?
OPEC oil crisis
17What was the OPEC Oil Crisis?
Time period in 1973 called when oil controlling Middle Eastern countries put an embargo on oil, causing a severe shortage
18Dec 1973 event and Govt response
Miners' strike and imposition of three-day week
19Who won the 1974 Feb General Election?
Labour win with a hung parliament
20Who won the 1974 general election?
Labour win with majority of 3
21What is a 'lame duck' industry?
One that is unable to compete and survive without support from the state
22When and what was the decimalisation of British currency?
Was agreed in 1965, but came into force in 1971; the new British currency would have 100 new pence, rather than 144
23What is stagflation?
A period of slow economic growth and high unemployment (stagnation) while prices rise (inflation)
24Anthony Barber
Chancellor July 1970-March 1974
25When and what was the 'Barber boom'?
1974; cuts in public spending and taxes, inflation not accompanied by economic growth
26When and what was the 'U-turn'?
1971-72; retreat from free-enterprise economic principles that had been laid out by Selsdon
27How many were unemployed in 1973?
500,000
28When and what was the Yom Kippur War, and what did it cause?
Oct 1973; Egypt and Syria attacked Israel, causing the OPEC oil crisis
29Working days lost 1970-1974
c.70 days
30What did the National Union of Miners do in 1973 and why?
Demand huge pay rise and strike due to oil crisis
31What was the Industrial Relations Act of 1971?
Restricted trade unions' rights by forcing them to register for rights and allowed the National Industrial Relations Court to judge the validity of strike action
32List the strikes in 1972 (7)
- Miners
- Ambulance drivers
- Firefighters
- Civil servants
- Power workers
- Hospital staff
- Engine drivers
33Who and what was Arthur Scargill? What did he do and when?
Played a big part in the successful strikes of 1972 and 1974 as the leader of the Yorkshire miners
34U-Turn policies
- Nationalisation of Rolls Royce 1971
- Industry Act 1972
35What did the NUM do in Jan 1974?
NUM called a national strike
36What is the significance of this phrase: 'Who governs Britain?'
Heath's slogan for 1974 campaign
37Internment
1971; Belfast introduces imprisonment without trial
381971-1975 Ireland internment rate in relation to religion
95% Catholic
39What did Jim McVeigh say on internment? Why?
'Among the best recruiting tools the IRA ever had';
401972 no. explosions in Ireland
1382 explosions
411972 no. shooting incidents in Ireland
10,628 shootings
42What was the number of deaths caused by the Troubles in Ireland in 1972?
480 deaths
43What did Heath do in March 1972 for the Troubles?
Heath suspends Stormont and brings in direct rule from Westminster
44What was Ulster Unionist Party and when was it in power?
Only major unionist party in NI until Troubles; ruled NI 1921-72
45When, by whom, and why was the Democratic Unionist Party formed?
1971, Rev Ian Paisley; disillusioned with moderation of UUP
46When, by whom, and why was Social Democratic Labour Party formed?
1970, John Hume; rejected violent nationalist methods
47When was it formed and what was Sinn Fein?
An Irish republican political movement founded in 1905 to promote independence from England and unification of Ireland; supported the IRA
48When and what was the Sunningdale Agreement? What did it bring about?
Dec 1973
- Sharing power of both nationalists and unionists
- New Northern Ireland Assembly elected under proportional representation
49What was the Powell factor in 1970?
His anti-immigration rhetoric drew people to the Conservatives even though Heath fired him; 70% of Cons. voters agreed with Powell's ideas
50What was the Industrial Relations Act 1971?
Union reform, and very unpopular with them for how it restricted their striking abilities (e.g. 28-day cool off)
51When did Heath announce a three-day week?
1974, after the NUM strike
52What was the slogan of the Conservatives in 1974?
'Who governs Britain?'
53Selsdon Policies
Tax reform, expenditure cuts, ‘law and order’, end of subsidisation
54Commmon External Tariff
Removed from British exports to Europe after EEC
551970 Conservative majority
43 seats
56>1972 inflation rate
15%