Lecture 5 - Dimorphic and Opportunistic Fungi
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1
What are dimorphic fungal pathogens? (know this for exam)
Primary SYSTEMIC pathogens which often involved the deep viscera (organs)
2
what are the 2 forms in Dimorphism? (know this for exam)
MOLD & YEAST FORMS
3
At what temperature do MOLDS like to grow and where? (know this for the exam)
25-30oC (in the environment)
4
At what temperature do YEASTS like to grow and where? (know this for the exam)
37oC (in the host)
5
List all of the Dimorphic Fungi.
Histoplasma capsulatum
Blastomyces dermatiditis
Paracoccidiodes braziliensis
Coccidiodes immitis
Penicillium (Talaromyces) marneffei
&
Sporothrix schenkii
Blastomyces dermatiditis
Paracoccidiodes braziliensis
Coccidiodes immitis
Penicillium (Talaromyces) marneffei
&
Sporothrix schenkii
6
Histoplasma capsulatum
7
Blastomyces dermatiditis
8
Paracoccidiodes braziliensis
9
Coccidiodes immitis
10
Penicillium (Talaromyces) marneffei
11
Where is Histoplasma capsulatumusually found in?
Bird droppings and bat guano (poop) ; Spelunkers
12
What dimorphic fungi is this?
Histoplasma capsulatum
13
which cells take up the yeast form of Histoplasma capsulatum?
MACROPHAGES!
14
Blastomyces dermatiditis
15
Paracoccidiodes braziliensis
16
Coccidiodes immitus
17
What type of infection does Coccidiodes immitus cause? (know this for the exam)
San Joaquin Valley fever
18
Which dimorphic fungi is very dangerous to open cultures on the bench?
Coccidiodes immitis
19
Where is Coccidiomycosis usually associated with? (know this for the exam)
DUST
20
Penicillium (Talaromyces) marneffei
21
Which animal is associated with Penicillium (Talaromyces) marneffei?
bamboo rat
22
Sporothrix schenkii
23
what is another name for Sporothrix schenkii?
"Rose Gardener's Disease
24
What type of infections does Sporothrix schenkii cause?
Cutaneous (skin) sporotrichosis
Pulmonary (lung) sporotrichosis
Disseminated sporotrichosis
Pulmonary (lung) sporotrichosis
Disseminated sporotrichosis
25
List the opportunistic fungi (general names)
Candida
Aspergillus
Cyptococcus
Mucor
Aspergillus
Cyptococcus
Mucor
26
What are the different types of Candida?
C. albicans, C. tropicalis, C. glabrata, C. parapsilosis, C. auris
27
Which is the most common type of Candida isolated? (know this for exam)
C. albicans
28
What type of candida causes emerging public health threat?
C. auris
29
What is the germ tube test?
light suspension of organims + polled human sera at 35-37oC for less than 3 hrs
30
Is C. albicans positive or negative in the germ tube test?
positive
31
C. albicans
32
What is Candida auris?
emerging multidrug resistant yeast
33
What is the mortality rate for Candida auris?
high mortality rate (>40%)
34
How is Candida auris identified?
MALDI, NAAT
35
Where is c. auris mostly seen in? what city in CA?
LOS ANGELES
36
what are the 3 types of Aspergillus spp.?
A. fumigatus, A. flavus, A niger
37
Apergillus. spp
38
What is Aspergillus spp.?
Common mold, found indoors and outdoors. DUST!!
39
Aspergillus fumigatus
40
Aspergillus niger
41
Aspergillus flavus
42
What is the stain used to identify Cryptococcus neoformans?
INDIA INK
43
Cryptococcus neoformans
44
What can be affected with Cryptococcus neoformans?
lungs and brain
45
What stain is this? knwo this for exam!!
India Ink
46
What are the different types of Mucormycosis?
Mucor spp, Rhizopus spp, Absidia (Lictheimia spp.)
47
What is mucormycosis?
rare but serious fungal infection caused by a group of molds called mucormycetes.
48
What are the risk factors associated with Mucormycosis?
Prolonged neutropenia, uncontrolled diabetes
49
MUCOR
50
RHIZOPUS
51
ABSIDIA (LICHTHEIMIA)