Digestive Anatomy
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1
Mesentery
Structure that suspends the small intestine from the posterior body wall
2
Oral Cavity and Stomach
Two anatomical regions involved in the physical breakdown of food
3
Tongue
Organ that mixes food in the mouth
4
Pharynx
Common passag for food and air
5
Esophagus
Literal food chute, has no digestive function
6
Small Intenstines
Organ responsible for most nutrient absorption, receives pancreatic juice and bile
7
Colon / Large Intestines
Organ primarily involved in water absorption and feces formation
8
Appendix
Blind sac hanging from the initial part of the colon
9
Stomach
Organ where protein digestion begins
10
Pyloric Sphincter
Organ through which the stomach empties
11
Soft Palate
Uvula hangs from its posterior edge
12
Anal Canal
Region, containing two sphincters, through which feces are expelled from the body
13
Hard Palate
Anterosuperior boundary of the oral cavity, supported by bone
14
Propulsion
Segmentation and peristalsis
15
Defacation
Elimination of feces
16
Ingestion
Eating and swallowing
17
Mechanical Digestion
Chewing and churning
18
Absorption
Transporting nutrients into the blood stream
19
Chemical Digestion
Enzyzmatic breakdown
20
Diarrhea
Passage of watery stool
21
Constipation
Inability to pass feces, often a result of poor bowel habits
22
Heartburn
Condition resulting from reflux of acidic gastric juice into the esophagus
23
Ulcer
An erosion of the stomach or duodenum
24
Peritonitis
Inflammation of the abdominal serosa
25
Jaundice
Usually indicates liver problems or blockage of the biliary ducts
26
Gallstones
Causes severe epigastric pain, associated with prolonged storage of bile in the gallbladder
27
Appendicitis
Inflammation of the appendix resulting in severe lower right quandrant pain
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