Digestive Anatomy
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1
Mesentery
Structure that suspends the small intestine from the posterior body wall
2
Oral Cavity and Stomach
Two anatomical regions involved in the physical breakdown of food
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Tongue
Organ that mixes food in the mouth
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Pharynx
Common passag for food and air
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Esophagus
Literal food chute, has no digestive function
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Small Intenstines
Organ responsible for most nutrient absorption, receives pancreatic juice and bile
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Colon / Large Intestines
Organ primarily involved in water absorption and feces formation
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Appendix
Blind sac hanging from the initial part of the colon
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Stomach
Organ where protein digestion begins
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Pyloric Sphincter
Organ through which the stomach empties
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Soft Palate
Uvula hangs from its posterior edge
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Anal Canal
Region, containing two sphincters, through which feces are expelled from the body
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Hard Palate
Anterosuperior boundary of the oral cavity, supported by bone
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Propulsion
Segmentation and peristalsis
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Defacation
Elimination of feces
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Ingestion
Eating and swallowing
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Mechanical Digestion
Chewing and churning
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Absorption
Transporting nutrients into the blood stream
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Chemical Digestion
Enzyzmatic breakdown
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Diarrhea
Passage of watery stool
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Constipation
Inability to pass feces, often a result of poor bowel habits
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Heartburn
Condition resulting from reflux of acidic gastric juice into the esophagus
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Ulcer
An erosion of the stomach or duodenum
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Peritonitis
Inflammation of the abdominal serosa
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Jaundice
Usually indicates liver problems or blockage of the biliary ducts
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Gallstones
Causes severe epigastric pain, associated with prolonged storage of bile in the gallbladder
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Appendicitis
Inflammation of the appendix resulting in severe lower right quandrant pain
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