biodiversity

Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species

Prokaryotes, extremophiles, methanogenes

"True bacteria": most bacteria we are aware of (E coli, etc)

Made from eukaryotic cells, contains 4 kingdoms

Protista, fungi, plantae, animalia

Organisms that are unicellular but also found as colony, mostly motile

Non-vascular, non-motile, can be unicellular or filamentous, reproduce through spores

Multicellular, photosynthetic, have cellulose in cell walls, mostly indefinite growth

Multicellular, hetertrophic, generally motile, generally have response

Porifera, cnidaria, platyhelminthes, annelida, mollusca, arthropoda

No symmetry, no true tissues, suspension feeders, no mouth/anus (sponges)

Radial symmetry, tentacles, stinging cells, mouth, no anus (jellyfish, corals, anemones)

Bilateral symmetry, flat body, not segmented, mouth, no anus (tapeworms)

Bilateral symmetry, segmented, often has bristles, mouth and anus (earthworm, leech)

Muscular foot and mantle, usually has shell, no segmentation, bilateral symmetry, mouth and anus (slug, snail, clam, octopus)

Bilateral symmetry, exoskeleton, segmented, jointed appendages (insects, spiders, crabs)

Bony ray-finned fish (osteichthyes), amphibian, reptiles, birds, mammals

Scales, one gill slit, no limbs, fins supported by rays, external fertilization, remain in water, swim bladder for buoyancy, don't maintain constant body temp

Soft moist skin, permeable to gases and water, simple lings, tetrapods, 4 legs when adult, external fertilization, larval stage in water, adult usually on land, eggs coated in jelly

Impermeable skin covered in scales, lungs with extensive folding, usually 4 legs, internal fertilization, cold blooded, eggs with soft shels, tooth all of one type

Skin with feathers made of keratin, lungs with tubes and air sacs, 2 legs and 2 wings, eggs with hard shells, beak but no teeth, constant blood temp

Skin has follicles with hair made of keratin, lungs with alveoli, ribs, diaphram, moslty 4 limbs, give birth to live young and feed with milk from mammary gland, teeth of different types with living core

No true roots, rhizoids, non-vascular, low-lying (moss)

Vascular tissue but no pollen/seeds, spores on undersides of leaves (ferns)

Cambium, pollen in male cones, ovules in female cones, seeds produced (conifers like cedar, pine trees)

Male and female parts, seeds, fruits, flowers (all flowering plants)

Common function but different origin: convergent
Bats and butterflies have analogous structure but different evolution

Dufferent function but common origin: divergent
Whales and human have structures that have different function but similar structure (hands and flippers)

Group of organisms with common ancestor

Based on differences in base pairs in amino acids to indicate how long ago two organisms diverged from each other