Y9 Chemistry Atomic Structure Review
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1
Alkali Metals(1)
Lithium, Sodium, Potassium
2
Halogens(7)
Fluorine, Chlorine, Bromine
3
Element definition
An element is a substance that is made of only one type of atom.
4
How are the elements arranged on the periodic table?
By atomic number(number of protons)
5
What are the 3 sub-atomic particles
protons,neutrons and electrons
6
Electron configuration for Chlorine
2,8,7
7
Electrons are arranged in energy levels called _______
Electron shells
8
The first electron shell, closest to the nucleus, has the _______ energy which is why it fills first.
lowest
9
Isotopes definition
Isotopes of an element have the same number of protons (atomic number) but a different number of neutrons(mass number)
10
Why isn't mas number of atom always a whole number
The mass number on the periodic table is the average of the naturally occuring isotopes of that element
11
RAM formula example
(13x95.40)+(14x4.60)/100
12
Ions definition
Ions are charged atoms
13
When do Ions form
Ions form when an atom gains electrons to its valence shell or loses electrons from its valence shell.
14
What do metal atoms form
Positive ions called cations
15
What do Non-metal atoms form
Negative ions called anions
16
Exception to Non-metals form anions
Hydrogen
17
All anions end in ___
ide
18
Aluminium and Gallium form a ___ ion
3+
19
Ionic Compound definition
An ionic compound is a group of metal and non-metal ions bonded together by an electrostatic force of attraction between cations and anions.
20
Ammonium symbol
NH4(+)
21
Phosphate symbol
PO4(3-)
22
Carbonate symbol
CO3(2-)
23
Sulfate symbol
SO4(2-)
24
Reactants are written on the ____ side of the equation
left
25
Products are written on the _____ side of the equation
right
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