Sounding Equipment

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1
Bathymetry
Representation of the underwater topography of the seafloor
2
Sounding
Process of determining the depth of a water body's bed at a particular point
3
Bed profile determination
One of the primary operations in hydrographic surveying
4
Direct method
Method of measuring depth using physical contact with the bed
5
Indirect method
Method of determining depth using acoustic techniques
6
Transducer
Device that converts electrical energy into high-frequency sound
7
Sound Navigation and Ranging
SONAR stands for
8
Echosounder
Instrument that transmits underwater sound pulses and receives their echoes to determine depth
9
Ping
Underwater sound pulse emitted by an echosounder
10
Footprint
Area of the bottom illuminated by a sonar pulse
11
Swath width
Width of the bottom coverage across the vessel's path
12
Single Beam Echosounder
Instrument also known as a fathometer
13
Sounding rod or pole
Graduated in meters, decimeters, and half-decimeters.
14
Sounding rod or pole
Unsuitable for strong currents because verticality is difficult to maintain.
15
Leadline
Thin rope with a plummet attached to the end.
16
Leadline
Unsuitable for swift-flowing water or strong currents.
17
Sounding machine
Improved version of the leadline method.
18
Sounding machine
Large numbers of soundings in water up to approximately 30 m deep.
19
Single Beam Echosounder (SBES)
Also called a fathometer.
20
Single Beam Echosounder (SBES)
Primarily provides depth measurements along the vessel's survey track.
21
Multibeam Echosounder (MBES)
Uses a transducer with a wide angular lateral aperture.
22
Multibeam Echosounder (MBES)
Helps reduce or eliminate gaps between surveyed areas when properly planned.
23
Multichannel Echosounder (MCES)
Uses a sweep system to map the seafloor across a swath.
24
Multichannel Echosounder (MCES)
Provides detailed bottom imagery through depth and bottom detection.
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