lecture 2 * social psychology *

two or more people who interact with eachother and influence eachother

the infuence members have on eachothers ( opinions , decisions )

the separation into leaders and followers

performance increases due to the interaction with others

too much arousal will decrease performance

presence of people → arousal → can either :

1. inhibint non dominant response
2. facilitates fominant response

good sport players play even better when the sport is televised

a person that learns how to play pool will do woest if there are many others looking at him

due to evolution apprehansion

care about how others judge them

only other presence is sufficient to create arousal

goal : go to the dark whole

1. dominant :straight → worst
2. non dominant :corner → much better
3. public dominant → much better
4. public non dominant → much worst

people try less hard when in a bigger group

rope pulling, hand clapping

when there is no evaluation

self short term rather than collective long term benefit

whenever tis a single gorup all of the participats do too good that it decrease performance

( basketball , football)

make individial contribution visible

appealing / challanging → intrinsic motivation

increase coehision

increased percieved importance of group

opinions become more extreme when discussed in a group

perform closed discussion communities of like minded others

serch for people to validate opinions

people at extremes have more confidence in opinion

polarised opinions more simplistic

people with low ability at a task overestimate their ability

however high confidence does not mean that they are good at that task

whenever we are in a group vs individually

ingroup favourtism

groups take riskier decisions

cohiesive group become blind cannot see other perspective

people agree with group decision and do not take into consideration other perspectives

cohesion

group isolation

overestimation group capcity/morality

closed mindness

uniformity pressure

no reflection of decision, steryotyping others

conformity,unanimity and mindgurad

1. bay of pigs
2. Bush administation war in Iraq

criticism and disagreements are good

dissenting group member

outside critiqe

no group isolaiton

before implementing ask feedback from others

consistency
self confidence
defection form majority

groups hierechal leder

motivating, leading , guiding the group

1. task oriented
2. social
3. transformational that inspire ( Hitler )

power : control that one has over another person's outcomes

status : extent to ehich others hold one in higher prestige

personal ambitions → increases cheating

focus on collective goals → non corrupting