Aphasia
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1
Which hemisphere of the brain contains major language centers? Zone?
left
peri sylvian zone
peri sylvian zone
2
Causes of Aphasia
L Hemisphere CVA affecting any structures/processing in the language zones
Neurodegenerative Diseases that affect left hemisphere (PPA, FTD)
Brain Tumors
Traumatic Brain Injury
Neurodegenerative Diseases that affect left hemisphere (PPA, FTD)
Brain Tumors
Traumatic Brain Injury
3
Approaches to Aphasia
Syndrome Approach
Cognitive-Neuropsychological Approach
Cognitive-Neuropsychological Approach
4
Psycholinguistic Model
key part of a cognitive-neuropsychological approach
developmental approach to find discrete area of damage
developmental approach to find discrete area of damage
5
Syndrome Approach
most common
based on patterns of abnormal language comprehension, repetition, and expression
location determines specific aphasia syndrom
based on patterns of abnormal language comprehension, repetition, and expression
location determines specific aphasia syndrom
6
Types of Aphasia Syndromes
Cortical (wenicke's, broca's, ...)
Subcortical (ant capsular/putaminal...)
Fluent
Nonfluent
Subcortical (ant capsular/putaminal...)
Fluent
Nonfluent
7
Fluent Aphasias
Anomic
Conduction
Transcortical Sensory (TCS)
Wernicke's
Conduction
Transcortical Sensory (TCS)
Wernicke's
8
Non-Fluent Aphasias
Transcortical Motor (TCM)
Broca's
Sev Mixed Non-Fluent
Global
Broca's
Sev Mixed Non-Fluent
Global
9
Aphasia Assessments Tools
Comprehensive Batteries:
Boston Diagnostic Aphasia Examination - 3rd Ed. (BDAE-3)
Comprehensive Aphasia Test (CAT)
Western Aphasia Battery- Revised (WAB-R)
Minnesota
Aphasia Diagnostic Profiles
Psycholinguistic Assessment of Language (PAL)
Pyscholinguistic Assessment Language Processing in Aphasia (PALPA)
Boston Diagnostic Aphasia Examination - 3rd Ed. (BDAE-3)
Comprehensive Aphasia Test (CAT)
Western Aphasia Battery- Revised (WAB-R)
Minnesota
Aphasia Diagnostic Profiles
Psycholinguistic Assessment of Language (PAL)
Pyscholinguistic Assessment Language Processing in Aphasia (PALPA)
10
All Batteries Measure
Verbal Expression (fluency, informational content)
Auditory Comprehension
Repetition
Naming
Reading Comprehension
Written Expression
Auditory Comprehension
Repetition
Naming
Reading Comprehension
Written Expression
11
Classification of Aphasia Syndrome Steps
Naming -> Fluency of Verbal Expression -> Auditory Comprehension -> Repetition
12
Types of naming
Confrontational
Responsive
Divergent
Convergent
Naming in connected speech
Responsive
Divergent
Convergent
Naming in connected speech
13
Confrontational
tell me what this is
14
Responsive
fill in the blank
15
Divergent
name multiple things in a category
should get at least 33 words
people with aphasia have an easier time with this
should get at least 33 words
people with aphasia have an easier time with this
16
Convergent
name the category
17
Naming in connected speech
pauses and fillers in speech, run on sentences
18
spoken word production errors are called
paraphasias
19
Types of paraphasias/error analyses
Lexical
Sublexical
Other
Sublexical
Other
20
Lexical Errors
verbal - real word unrelated
semantic - real word related
formal - one letter substituted
- substitute a different word
semantic - real word related
formal - one letter substituted
- substitute a different word
21
Sublexical error
phonemic
neologistic - unrelated sound
- sound changed
neologistic - unrelated sound
- sound changed
22
Other paraphasias
Mixed Paraphasia - combined lexical and sublexical
verbal sterotype - involuntary repeating phrases
verbal sterotype - involuntary repeating phrases
23
Procedural Narrative
Sequencing
- have ingredients, tell what to do
- have ingredients, tell what to do
24
Story Narrative
tell the plot of a familiar story
25
Two components of Fluency
Length of Utterances
Melodic Line or Prosody
Melodic Line or Prosody
26
Non Fluent Aphasia
Expressive Aphasia; telgraphic speech
gramatical errors
nouns>verbs
<5 words
gramatical errors
nouns>verbs
<5 words
27
In non fluent aphasia auditory comprehension ranges from
Global - TCM
-comprehension typically preserved
-comprehension typically preserved
28
Fluent Syndromes
Wernicke's
Conduction
Transcortical Sensory
Anomic
Conduction
Transcortical Sensory
Anomic
29
2 parts of auditory comprehension
Comprehension for command
Comprehension for yes/no questions
Comprehension for yes/no questions
30
Paradoxes
there is variabiity in performance
-able to do something in one second, not the next
-automatic speech easier than propositional speech
-able to do something in one second, not the next
-automatic speech easier than propositional speech
31
Treatment Options
Impairment Based treatment
Socially oriented Approaches
Socially oriented Approaches
32
Impairment Based treatment
evidence based intervention designed to remediate the underlying linguistic impairment
33
Socially oriented approaches to treatment
life participation approach
focus is on communicative effectiveness and participation rather than linguistic accuracy
group treatment
focus is on communicative effectiveness and participation rather than linguistic accuracy
group treatment
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