differential and profile leveling

process of determining the differences in elevation between 2 or more points some distance apart

fixed point of reference whose elevation is eithe known or assumed

established at intervals throughout the cpuntry by the pcgs, philippine coast and geodetic surbveys, urning pointfull stationerofile paper

those set up by the surveyor for his own use in a particular surveying project

a reading taken on a rode held on a point of known or assumed elev

elevetion is to determined

horizontal distance from the center of the instrument to the rod on which a backsight is taken

horizontal disgtance from the center of the instrument to the rod on which a foresight is taken

an intervening point

height of collimation

a method of determining differences in elevation between points by employing 2 levls routes

a more precise method of differential leveling

curved line which graphically portrays the inersection of a vertical plane with the surface of the earth

a numerical designation given in terms of horizontal dostace any piint along a profile line is away from the startin point

ground rod readings which taken along the centerline of the proposed project to rovide an accurate representtoin of the grounf surface

points which are established along the profile level route at uniformly measured distaces

process of drawing the vertical scale for a profile much larger than the horizontal scale in order to accentuate the differences in elevation

a special heavy grade graphing paper