Biochem intro
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Atomic number
The number of protons in an atom
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Atomic mass
average weight of an atom
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AMU/Dalton
The typical unit for measuring weight for atoms
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Electron shell
A cloud of electrons surrounding the nucleus or another shell
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Valence shell
The outermost shell that defines the atoms stability
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Oclet rule
The less full the valence letter, the more reactive the atom
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Chemical bond
Two or more atoms interacting
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Molecule
Two or more atoms bound together
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Compound
Two or more atoms of different elements bound together
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Covalent bond
A chemical bond in which atoms are shared
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Non Polar covalent bonds
Covalent bonds with similar electronegativity
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polar covalent bonds
Covalent bonds with very different electronegativity
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electronegativity
The amount of pull an atom has
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Ion
an atom that has lossed or gained electronegativity
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cation
A positively charged ion
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anion
a negatively charged ion
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ionic bond
a bond in which one atom steals electrons from the other
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hydrogen bonds
Polar covelent bonds being attracted to one other from varying electronegativity
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Solvent
A substance that can dissolve molecules
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Hydrophillic
Dissolves in water
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Hydrophobic
Stays seperate from water
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Surface tension
The tendacy for liquids to stick together
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Organic molecules
naturally found molecules
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hydrocarbons
an organic compound made entirely out of carbon and hydrogen
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Isomer
molecules using the same atoms but different orientation
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