Thoracic Wall Overview Part 2
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1
what happens at the ribs during spinal flexion
anterior rib compression, posterior rib expansion
2
what happens at the ribs during spinal extension
anterior rib expansion, posterior rib compression
3
what happens at the ribs during lateral flexion
ipsilateral ribcage compression, contralateral ribcage expansion
4
what happens at the ribs during spinal rotation
anterior and posterior joint motion, ipsilateral ribcage compression, contralateral ribcage expansion
5
what is a tripod position
anterior position white seated. Elbows on lower extremities
6
what is the significance of the tripod position
common sign of respiratory distress
7
what are the muscles involved in the tripod position
accessory muscles aid in respiration
- pecs, SCM, scalenes,, etc.
- pecs, SCM, scalenes,, etc.
8
what is the most efficient form of breathing
diaphragmatic breathing
9
what is the mechanism of diagphragmatic breathing
diaphragm relaxes and abdomen forces air out
10
what percent of breathing does the diaphragm represent
80%
11
what is the purpose of diaphragmatic breathing
- strengthens diaphragm
- decreases energy output
- energy conservation
- decreases energy output
- energy conservation
12
what are the effects of forward head posture and kyphosis
- alters diaphragm stability
- phrenic nerve entrapment
- reduced lung capacity
- phrenic nerve entrapment
- reduced lung capacity
13
what are the effects of the hammock position
decreases diaphragmatic breathing, decrease lung capacity, weakens diaphragm and trunk extensorys, anterior neck muscles shorten
14
what are the solutions to the hammock position
take pillows away, 30 degree elevated head, leg of bed flat
15
what are challenging occupations when people have respiratory issues
what are some solutions to help
what are some solutions to help
-donning socks/pants
-showering - washing LEs
-bending forward for cooking, cleaning, etc.
Solutions:
-cross legs to put on socks
-adaptive equipment
-showering - washing LEs
-bending forward for cooking, cleaning, etc.
Solutions:
-cross legs to put on socks
-adaptive equipment
16
how do you objectively assess respiration
pulse oximetry
postural changes
respiratory rate
BP
postural changes
respiratory rate
BP
17
bronchial and alveolar damage and remodeling
COPD
18
what is the pathophysiology of COPD
chronic inflammatory response and narrowing
- leads to scarring and decreased mobility of lungs
- leads to scarring and decreased mobility of lungs
19
what are the effects of COPD
leads to inability to fully exhale
- CO2 buildup
- CO2 buildup
20
infection of one or both lungs
pneumonia
21
what is the pathophysiology of pneumonia
fluid and pus fill alveoli
22
what is really important do when you have pneumonia
get out of bed and get moving
23
what are the benefits of mobilization for respiration
improves posture
opens chest walls
improves strength and mobility of diaphragm and intercostals
opens chest walls
improves strength and mobility of diaphragm and intercostals
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