Photosynthesis
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1
Where does photosynthesis occur?
In chloroplasts of plant cells
2
What are thylakoids?
Membrane sacs in chloroplasts
3
What are grana?
Stacks of thylakoids
4
What connects grana?
Lamellae
5
What is stroma?
Fluid in chloroplasts
6
Where are photosynthetic pigments found?
In thylakoid membranes
7
What do pigments absorb?
Light energy
8
What is chlorophyll?
A photosynthetic pigment
9
What is the role of chlorophyll?
Absorbs light energy for photosynthesis
10
How is glucose stored in plants?
As starch in the stroma
11
What are the stages of photosynthesis?
Light-dependent and light-independent reactions
12
Where does the light-dependent reaction occur?
In thylakoid membranes
13
What is photophosphorylation?
Adding phosphate to ADP using light
14
What are the products of the light-dependent reaction?
ATP, reduced NADP, O₂
15
Where does the light-independent reaction occur?
In the stroma
16
What is another name for the light-independent reaction?
The Calvin cycle
17
What is reduced in the light-independent reaction?
CO₂
18
What is the role of ATP and NADP in the Calvin cycle?
Supply energy and hydrogen
19
What is the electron transport chain?
Proteins transferring electrons to release energy
20
What is non-cyclic photophosphorylation?
Produces ATP, reduced NADP, and O₂
21
What is cyclic photophosphorylation?
Only produces ATP
22
What absorbs light energy in photosynthesis?
Photosystems (PSI and PSII)
23
What does PSII do?
Splits water into electrons, protons, and oxygen
24
What is chemiosmosis?
Movement of protons driving ATP synthesis
25
What enzyme makes ATP?
ATP synthase
26
Which photosystem is used in cyclic photophosphorylation?
PSI
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