RNA and Protein synthesis
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1
What is RNA composed of?
A single polynucleotide strand.
2
What sugar does RNA contain?
Ribose.
3
What base is found in RNA instead of thymine?
Uracil (U).
4
What is mRNA's role?
Carries genetic code from DNA.
5
What does tRNA do?
Transfers amino acids to ribosomes.
6
What is the structure of tRNA?
Cloverleaf shape with anticodon.
7
What is rRNA's function?
Forms ribosome's structure for protein synthesis.
8
Where does transcription occur in eukaryotes?
In the nucleus.
9
Where does transcription occur in prokaryotes?
In the cytoplasm.
10
What enzyme attaches to DNA in transcription?
RNA polymerase.
11
What breaks hydrogen bonds in DNA?
RNA polymerase.
12
What does RNA polymerase synthesize?
A complementary mRNA strand.
13
What binds to DNA's sense strand?
RNA nucleotides.
14
What holds RNA and DNA temporarily?
Base pairing.
15
What bonds DNA's strands back together?
Double helix formation.
16
Where does RNA polymerase stop?
At a stop signal.
17
What happens when RNA polymerase detaches?
mRNA separates from DNA.
18
What is translation?
Making proteins from mRNA.
19
Where does translation occur?
In ribosomes.
20
What carries amino acids to ribosomes?
tRNA.
21
What forms bonds between amino acids?
ATP.
22
What matches codons to amino acids?
Anticodon on tRNA.
23
What moves along mRNA in translation?
Ribosome.
24
What happens at stop codon?
Ribosome releases polypeptide chain.
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