Lipids
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1
Triglycerides are a kind of lipid.
True
2
Triglycerides consist of one molecule of glycerol and how many fatty acids?
Three
3
What structure do fatty acid molecules have?
Long tails made of hydrocarbons
4
The tails of fatty acids are hydrophobic. What does this mean?
They are insoluble in water
5
What type of reaction forms triglycerides?
Condensation reactions
6
What are the two types of fatty acids?
Saturated and unsaturated
7
What characterizes saturated fatty acids?
They have no double bonds between carbon atoms
8
What happens to the structure of unsaturated fatty acids?
They have at least one double bond, causing a kink
9
What replaces one fatty acid in phospholipids?
A phosphate group
10
What is the property of the phosphate group in phospholipids?
It is hydrophilic
11
What are triglycerides primarily used for?
Energy storage
12
Why do triglycerides contain more energy than carbohydrates?
Their long hydrocarbon tails contain lots of chemical energy
13
How do triglycerides affect the water potential of the cell?
They are insoluble, preventing water from entering by osmosis
14
What forms the bilayer of cell membranes?
Phospholipids
15
What are the two properties of phospholipid heads and tails?
Hydrophilic heads and hydrophobic tails
16
What does the hydrophobic center of the bilayer do?
It acts as a barrier to water-soluble substances
17
What is the first step in the emulsion test for lipids?
Shake the test substance with ethanol
18
What indicates the presence of lipids in the emulsion test?
A milky emulsion
19
How does the concentration of lipid affect the emulsion test result?
More lipid results in a more noticeable milky color
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