The genetic code and nucleic acids

Question 1

What does the genetic code determine?

Accepted Answer

Order of amino acids.

Question 2

What does "non-overlapping" mean?

Accepted Answer

Bases are read once, in triplets.

Question 3

What does "degenerate" mean?

Accepted Answer

More than one triplet codes for an amino acid.

Question 4

What does "universal" mean?

Accepted Answer

Same codons code for the same amino acids in all organisms.

Question 5

What does UAC code for?

Accepted Answer

Tyrosine.

Question 6

What does GUG code for?

Accepted Answer

Valine.

Question 7

What is the mRNA codon for cytosine?

Accepted Answer

UGU.

Question 8

What is a complementary DNA base pair for A?

Accepted Answer

T.

Question 9

What are complementary RNA bases for A and T?

Accepted Answer

U and A.

Question 10

What bonds RNA anticodons to mRNA?

Accepted Answer

Complementary base pairing.

Question 11

What is needed to interpret mRNA codons?

Accepted Answer

A codon-amino acid table.

Question 12

What do triplets of bases represent?

Accepted Answer

Codons for amino acids.

Question 13

What is the role of drugs targeting nucleic acids?

Accepted Answer

They inhibit protein synthesis.

Question 14

How do bacteria resist drugs over time?

Accepted Answer

Mutations protect the ribosome.

Question 15

What does the inhibition of translation block?

Accepted Answer

Protein synthesis.

Question 16

What is the effect of Drug 1 in the example?

Accepted Answer

No bacterial growth.

Question 17

What is the effect of Drug 2 in the example?

Accepted Answer

Reduced protein synthesis.

Question 18

What explains the genetic code’s universality?

Accepted Answer

Same codons across all organisms.

Question 19

What explains the non-overlapping code?

Accepted Answer

Bases read sequentially, not reused.

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