Cell Communication in the Innate Immune System

proteins produced in response to an antigen to regulate innate and adaptive immune system

aid in multiplication and differntiation of leukocytes

-takes lead in viral infections
-regulates immune responses
-made by virus infected eukaryotic cells

-play a role in innate and adaptive immunity
-produced by leukocytes

inflammation and apoptosis

-by Cytokines

-Chemokines
-Colony-stimulating factors (CSFs)
-Interferons (IFNs)
-Interleukins (ILs)
-Tumor necoris factor (TNF)

-peptide complex that enables immune system to bind to, recognize, and tolerate self and foreign antigens
-binds to T cell and CD4/8 receptors as well as Ig-like domans
-plays a role in autoimmune reaction
-helps with tissue allorecognition (foreign material from same species)

-bind to specific receptors on uninfected host cells
-induce synthesis of specific proteins: ds RNA-activated endoribonucleases, protein kinases (PKRs) that phosphorylate and inactivate component (eukarytoic initiation factor 2) need to translate viral RNA

-activate various WBC's (macrophages, natural killer cells, T-cells)
-increase # of MHC (major histocompatibility complex) antigens

-activates genes for iAVP synthesis: inactive antiviral proteins (so cell is prepared/end of life plans once infected)

they carry out cellular apoptosis (to prevent spreading of virus)

-identify and destroy infected/transformed host cells
-works by degranulating its stash of chemicals

*recognize MHC class 1 molecules (found on all host cells) think nation flag
*antibody Fc receptors

initiates antibody-dependent cell mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC)
basically take you out, cut off from the brethren

-Natural killer cell releases perforin monomer (think perforation) into target cell
-perforin comes together to from a pore in target cell membrane
-natural killer cells then release cytooxic protins (granzyme)