AMP

- slowing down increased heart rate due to anger

- retraining thought patterns to more desirable thought patters

- dealing with the behavioural element of anger

AMP as a CBT was developed by Novaco (1975) teaching criminals how to apply self control to reduce interpersonal anger - 3 core areas:
- relaxation techniques
- cognitive restructuring
- assertiveness training

cognitive preparation
skill acquisition
application and practice

- work with trained therapist
- reflects on past triggers and considers how they could have reacted differently
- anger diaries + thought records

- taught range of behavioural techniques to help them cope with anger
- example: counting to ten to control reaction, deep breathing (such as square breathing), muscle relaxation exercises

- therapist devises situations in which the offender is able to demonstrate the skills they have been taught
- reconstructing events when the offender has lost control in the past, role play

CALM
- regular + frequent sessions
- 24 two-hour sessions
- developed for adolescent and young adult males prone to violent and aggressive outbursts (though not only for males)
- CALM has 6 stages
- 1. motivation
- 2. how to identify and reduce feelings of anger
- 3. understand how irrational thoughts contribute to their aggressive feelings + ppts learn to replace with more rational thoughts
- 4. learn communication, thought stopping,
- 5. practice applying these skills in feelings of depression, anxiety, jealousy
- 6. prisoners identify the situations most likely to cause them to be aggressive + develop prevention methods + coping skills

- natural experiment comparing 50 prisoners who had completed CALM and a control of 37 who hadn't
- offenders and officers rated them as less angry
- 92% of offenders showed improvement on at least one 'angry behaviour' measure which suggested that anger management is effective at least in short term
- however 8% deteriorated