Chemistry Unit 2.3
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1
SI Units
international system of units; universal; based on multiples of 10
2
how many basic SI units are there?
7 (6 are used in chem)
3
base unit - meter
length (m)
4
base unit - kilogram
mass (kg)
5
base unit - liter
volume (L)
6
base unit - kelvin
temperature (k)
7
base unit - second
time (s)
8
base unit - mole
amount of substance
9
SI prefixes
show multiple or fraction of base units
10
kilo-
1000x larger than base unit (10^3)
11
deci-
10x smaller than base unit (10^-1)
12
centi-
100x smaller than base unit (10^-2)
13
milli-
1000x smaller than base unit (10^-3)
14
micro-
1 millionx smaller than base unit (10^-6)
15
1000 meters =
1 kilometer
16
1 meter =
100 centimeters
17
1 meter =
1000 milimeters
18
1 meter =
1 x 10^6 micrometers
19
volume
space occupied by a sample of matter; length x width x height; cm^3
20
1 milliliter =
1 cubic centimeter
21
1 liter =
1000 milliters
22
1 liter =
1000 cubic centimeters
23
1 kilogram =
1000 grams
24
1 gram =
1000 milligrams
25
weight
the pull of gravity on a given mass - varies depending on location
26
mass
measure of a quantity of matter. is always the same regardless of location
27
1 second =
1000 milliseconds
28
what does temperature determine?
direction of heat transfer
29
what happens when two objects have contact?
heat moves from the object with higher temperature to lower temperature
30
what happens when most substances are heated?
they expand (except water)
31
Celsius
based on 100 equal divisions between the freezing point and boiling point of water
32
Kelvin
based on absolute zero, freezing point of water, and boiling point of water
33
freezing point of water
0 celsius + 273 K + 32 F
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boiling point of water
100 C + 373 K + 212 F
35
absolute zero
-273 C + 0 K
36
celsius to kelvin
k = c + 273 ; c = k - 273
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Fahrenheit
180 divisions between freezing point and boiling point of water
38
fahrenheit to celsius
f = 1.8(C) + 32 ; c = (F - 32) / 1.8
39
derived units
combinations of different units
40
area
length x width (cm^2)
41
volume
length x width x height (cm^3)
42
density
grams per milliliter (g/mL) or grams per cubic centimeter (g/cm^3)
43
speed
meters per second (m/s)
44
significant figures
measured numbers plus one estimated number
45
length
distance between 2 points
46
mass
amount of matter in a substance
47
volume
amount of space an object occupies
48
time
interval between 2 occurences
49
temperature
average kinetic energy
50
volume of irregular solid
water displacement
51
mass of liquid/solid
electric scale / balance
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