MSK Disorders

The main way the bone is growing in a growing child is by replacing the ________ & growing in both ________ & _________

During childhood, the bone's not only dev. from the ___________, which creates the _______ or ______ of the bone; your also getting secondary ossification centers called the _______ that eventually become the _______

The cartilage in between these ossification centers is the _____ or ________ doesn't fuse until _____ length is obtained

The highest trajectory of growth occurs in 2 periods; The 1st is between _____ to _____ years and the 2nd is during ______

Hueter-Volkmann Principle: Compression forces ______ growth & Tensile forces ______ growth

Wolff’s Law: Healthy bones will ____ to the ______ it experiences; meaning, When a bone experiences stress, the body _____ the bone and makes it _____

According to Wolff's Law, weight bearing injured limbs actually _______

When getting an Xray, at least obtain an ____ and a ______ view because _______

CT: detects ________ but has significantly higher _________; Reserve this for when you can't make a proper diagnosis

MRI: evaluates ________ & _______ issues, detect __________ fractures, no radiation but long exam in a tight space

US: Evaluate ___________ ; great for _____ injuries; Keep in mind, theres a much higher component of __________

Compartment Syndrome is a medical emergency d/t Increase in _______ pressure -> ↓ _______ leading to _____, _____, & _____ damage

Compartment syndrome occurs anywhere ________ is surrounded by ______ b/c fascia is not _____

Most commonly we see compartment syndrome in the __________, the _______, ______, and the __________ muscles

Compartment syndrome presentation: 5 P's= Pain w______, Pain _______ to injury, ________, _________, & __________

Compartment syndrome in younger pediatric patients may present with the 3 A's:

We diagnose compartment syndrome by making a _______ & insert a wick or needle to measure the compartment pressure. Pressure >_____ = surgical intervention

After fasciotomy pt will need _______ that cover skin pathogens including a broad spectrum _______ like _______; may also need MRSA coverage with _______ or _______

Hip Dysplasia is a gait disturbance as a result of ________ of the _________ leading to _______

Barlow Maneuver used to eval. __________; w/ pt on their back, _____ their hips by holding their knees and pushing _______

_____ & _____ are used to diagnose hip dysplasia. US in children <______ old have a much higher risk of giving you a ______

Pavlik Harness is used to Tx ________ in children < ______

Closed reduction is used to Tx _______ in pts > _______

Open reduction with internal fixation may be required to tx _________ in children > _____ . This pt. will need a _____ post op

The goal of treatment for hip dysplasia is preventing or stopping _______

Legg-Calve-Perthes Disease is ______ & subsequent ____ of the bone as a r/o ____________ to the _________ or femoral head

Highest incidence of Legg-Calve-Perthes Disease in ____ to ____ y.o

There are 4 stages of Legg-Calve-Perthes Disease: ______, ______, ______, & ______

Legg-Calve-Perthes Disease pts will present w/ _______ on effected side & ________ bc the reduced blood supply ________ of the effected leg

Legg-Calve-Perthes Disease is diagnosed by a _________

The goal of tx for Legg-Calve-Perthes Disease is to keep the ______ seated in the ______

Pts w/ Legg-Calve-Perthes Disease should avoid ______ & _____

Osteomyelitis is an ______ of the bone; Can occur in any bone but is most commonly seen in the ____ & _____

The most common bugs seen in osteomyelitis: _______, _______, ________ (neonates), & _________ (puncture wounds)

In pts w/ Osteomyelitis, early X-rays are usually ________

Our image of choice for osteomyelitis is ______

Labs for Osteomyelitis include ____, ____, & _____

_____ is the lab value that _____& is the most sensitive to osteomyelitis, but the ____ will rise and decline _____ as the infection occurs and gets better

Abx of choice for non-operative osteomyelitis are a _________ +/- ______ or _____ for MRSA coverage. Will need IV abx for about ________. weeks

Osteomyelitis pts are at higher risk for _____ & ______; esp. pts w/ ____ infections & ______

Septic Arthritis is a _________ infection in the ______ in the joint causing _________. This is a ________

Peak incidence of septic arthritis is in pts < ____ y.o & ____ are 2x more likely than _____

The most common areas seen w/ septic arthritis in kids are the ______, _____, _____ &, _____

The most common bugs we see in septic arthritis are _____, _____, & ______

Toxic synovitis is inflammation of the _____

Highest prevalence for toxic synovitis is seen in ______ y.o

Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis is the separation of the _______ in the proximal femoral head w/epiphysis slipping _________, causing potential complete dislocation

Highest incidences of Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis occur in _____, ______, ______, ______, _____, _______

Osgood-Schlatter Disease is a common form of _______ or _______ of the ______ tuberosity in early adolescence

Osgood-Schlatter Disease Red Flags include _______, ______ y.o, and ______

______ of the femoral head is a common complication in unstable slipped capital femoral epiphysis

Pts with _______ disease are prone to osteomyelitis due to vaso-occlusive infarcts of the bone

ESR is used in combo w/ CRP to determine....

Serial evaluation of _____ is the most expeditious method to determine the early success of treatment in osteomyelitis