Redox Reactions and ATP in the Cell

Question 1

Oxidation

Accepted Answer

Loss of electrons or hydrogen; may release energy.

Question 2

Reduction

Accepted Answer

Gain of electrons or hydrogen; stores energy.

Question 3

Redox Reaction

Accepted Answer

Paired oxidation-reduction process transferring energy.

Question 4

Electron Carrier

Accepted Answer

Molecule transporting electrons (NAD⁺/NADH, FAD/FADH₂).

Question 5

NAD⁺ / NADH Function

Accepted Answer

NAD⁺ accepts electrons → NADH donates them to ETC.

Question 6

FAD / FADH₂

Accepted Answer

Electron carrier similar to NAD⁺ but yields slightly less ATP.

Question 7

ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate)

Accepted Answer

Main cellular energy currency with high-energy phosphate bonds.

Question 8

ADP (Adenosine Diphosphate)

Accepted Answer

Product after ATP hydrolysis; can be re-phosphorylated.

Question 9

ATP Hydrolysis

Accepted Answer

ATP → ADP + Pi + energy (exergonic).

Question 10

Phosphorylation

Accepted Answer

Addition of phosphate to a molecule to activate or store energy.

Question 11

Substrate-Level Phosphorylation

Accepted Answer

Enzyme directly transfers phosphate to ADP to form ATP.

Question 12

Chemiosmosis

Accepted Answer

Use of proton gradient across membrane to synthesize ATP via ATP synthase.

Question 13

Coupled Reactions

Accepted Answer

Energy from one reaction drives another.

Question 14

Free Energy Change (ΔG)

Accepted Answer

Indicates if reaction is spontaneous or requires energy.

Alle Karten