Carbohydrates

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1
Molecules which contain both hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions are:
  • All of the above
  • able to form micelles
  • detergents
  • ampiphatic
2
Sterioisomers that are nonsuperimposable and non-mirror images of each other
  • isomers
  • enantiomers
  • diasteriomers
  • epimers
  • mesomers
3
A straight-chain polymer of glucose units linked by beta-1-4 bonds. The polysaccharide chains are aligned to form fibrils that have great tensile strength.
  • Dextran
  • Starch
  • Chitin
  • Glycogen
  • Cellulose
4
Which one of the following carbohydrates is a ketose sugar?
  • fructose
  • mannose
  • galactose
  • glucose
5
all of the statements about the structure of glycogen are true EXCEPT
  • It contains alpha-1,6 glycosidic linkages
  • It contains alpha-1,4 glycosidic linkages
  • It is a copolymer of glucose and galactose
  • Monosaccharide residues are all D-glucose
  • Branched chains occur about every 10 residues
6
Which of the following classes of compounds is hydrophilic?
  • all of these
  • amino acids
  • sugars and amino acids
  • sugars
  • fatty acids
7
Branched-chain polysaccharide containing glucose residues linked by alpha-1-4 bonds with alpha-1-6 branchpoints
  • Chitin
  • Starch
  • Glycogen
  • Dextran
  • Cellulose
8
Composed of fructose and glucose
  • fructose
  • sucrose
  • mannose
  • maltose
  • lactose
9
Carbohydrate formed when a few monnosaccharide units are linked together
  • polysaccharide
  • starch
  • oligosaccharide
  • disaccharide
  • derived monosaccharide
10
following a diet fad of skim milk and yogurt, an adult female patient experiences abdominal distention, nausea, cramping and pain followed by a watery diarrhea. A likely diagnosis is:
  • maltose deficiency
  • lactase deficiency
  • sialillase deficiency
  • Lipoprotein lipse deficiency
11
All of the following are compose exclusively of glucose except
  • maltose
  • lactose
  • glycogen
12
which of the ff. sugar/s react/s with silver ammonium comples and is/are able to reduce Ag+ into free silver metal
  • glucose and fructose
  • fructose and sucrose
  • glucose
  • fructose
13
Mixture of unbranched amylase (glucose residues joined by alpha-1-4 bonds) and branched amylopectin (glucose residues joined by alpha-1-4 but with some alpha-1-6 branchpoints)
  • chitin
  • starch
  • cellulose
14
Refers to a sugar that is capable of acting as a reducing agent because it has a free aldehyde group or a free ketone group
  • starch
  • reducing sugar
  • oxidizing sugar
15
diasteriomers that differ from each other in the configuration at only one chiral carbon
  • isomers
  • epimers
  • enantiomers
16
composed of two units of glucose
  • sucrose
  • maltose
  • mannose
17
Consists of glucose residues linked mainly by alpha-1-6 bonds but with occasional branchpoints that may be formed by alpha-1-2, alpha-1-3, or alpha-1-4 bonds
  • Dextran
  • Glycogen
  • Chitin
18
diasteriomers that are nonsuperimposable, mirror-images of each other
  • mesomers
  • enantiomers
  • isomers
19
Which of the following classes of compounds is hydrophobic?
  • phosphate esters
  • cholesterol
  • cholesterol and phosphate esters
  • table salt
20
All of the following about hydrogen are true except
  • It is a type of non-covalent bond
  • The acceptor must contain a non-bonded pair of electrons
  • The donor is a hydrogen atom bonded to a less electronegative atom than hydrogen
21
D-galactose and D-mannose are
  • epimers of each other
  • enantiomers of each other
  • isomers of each other
22
Which of the following common solvents is the most polar
  • alcohol
  • water
  • benzene
23
All of the ff. contain glucose as a strctural unit except
  • lactose
  • glycogen
  • mannose
24
What are the 8 aldohexoses?
allose, altrose, glucose, mannose, gulose, idose, galactose, talose
25
Composed of glucose and galactose
  • lactose
  • maltose
  • fructose
26
There are only 2 trioses, what are they?
glyceraldehyde and dihydroxyacetone
27
The most abundant bio molecule on earth
  • nucleic acids
  • lipids
  • proteins
  • carbohydrates
28
The major functions of carbohydrates include
  • both
  • none
  • storage
  • structural framework
29
the general formula of carbohydrate is
  • (CH2O)n
  • (C4H2O)n
  • (C6H2O)n
30
Carbohydrates are
  • polyhydroxy aldehydes and phenols
  • polyhydroxy ketones and phenols
  • polyhydroxy aldehydes and ketones
31
structural polysaccharides include
  • cellulose, hemicellulose and chitin
  • cellulose, starch and chitin
  • cellulose, glycogen and chitin
32
Nutritional polysaccharides are
  • starch and glucose
  • starch and glycogen
  • starch and cellulose
33
carbohydrates account
  • 30% in plants and 10% in animals
  • 30% in plants and 20% in animals
  • 30% in plants and 1% in animals
34
which of the following is a triose
  • ribulose
  • glucose
  • glyceraldehyde
35
Which is a reducing sugar?
  • glucose
  • erythulose
  • dihydroxyacetone
36
oiligosaccharides linked to proteins are called
  • galactosides
  • glycolipids
  • glycoproteins
37
In polysaccharides, monosaccharides are joined by
  • covalent bond
  • peptide bond
  • glycosidic bond
38
Sucrose is a
  • monosaccharide
  • disaccharide
  • polysaccharide
39
In lactose, which of the following linkage is present
  • beta-1-2 linkage
  • alpha-1-4 linkage
  • beta-1-4 linkage
40
in maltose which linkage is present
  • beta-1-2 linkage
  • beta-1-4 linkage
  • alpha-1-4 linkage
41
in amylose, the linkage present is
  • beta-1-4 linkage
  • alpha-1-4 linkage
  • beta-1-2 linkage
42
Cellulose is made up of repeating units of
  • alpha-1-4 linkage between D-glucose units
  • beta-1-2 linkage between D-glucose units
  • beta-1-4 linkage between D-glucose units
43
Amylopectin has
  • both
  • alpha-1-6 linkage
  • alpha-1-4 linkage
44
Chitin consist of
  • N-acetyl glucosamine
  • N-acetyl muramic acid
  • D-glucose units
45
Callose is a polymer of
  • Glucose
  • Fructose
  • Sucrose
  • Xylans
46
Which of the following is not a mucopolysaccharide
  • Heparin
  • Inulin
  • Hyaluronic acid
47
The normal blood glucose level of an adult in the post absorptive state is
  • 120-130 mg/100 mL
  • 80-100 mg/100 mL
  • 40-60 mg/100 mL
48
Carbohydrate metabolism is controlled by
  • Vitamin B12
  • Glucose
  • Insulin
49
Sugar which is found in the haemolymph of insects is called
  • trehalose
  • galactose
  • maltose
50
A starving person would first use
  • Glycogen
  • Muscle protein
  • Fats
51
Which sugar is found in ATP
  • Ribose
  • Deoxyribose
  • Glucose
52
Which is the sweetest sugar?
  • sucrose
  • fructose
  • glucose
53
Amylose and amylopectin occur in
  • cellulose
  • starch
  • glycogen
54
The basic uit of chitin is
  • Galactose
  • Glucose
  • N-acetyl glucosamine
55
The formation of glucose from non-carbohydrate materials is called
  • gluconeogenesis
  • glycolysis
  • glycogenolysis
56
Honey contains the hydrolytic product of
  • inulin
  • starch
  • maltose
57
In humans, galactose is most easily available by the
  • hydrolysis of milk
  • coversion of glucose
  • conversion of fructose
58
External coat composed of cellulose like material occurs in
  • cyclostomata
  • hemichordata
  • urochordata
59
the new steriocenter resulting from cyclic hemiacetal formation
anomeric carbon
60
carbohydrates that differ in configuration only at their anomeric carbons
anomers
61
L-ascorbic acid is synthesized both biochemically and industrially from
  • D-glucose
  • Galactose
  • L-glucose
62
Chitin is joined by
  • alpha-1-4 linkages
  • beta-1-4 linkages
  • alpha-1-6 linkages
63
Where is L-fucose synthesized biochemically from
D-mannose
64
What is the complete name for NAGal
N-acetyl-D-galactosamine
65
complete name for Gal
D-galactose
66
complete name for NAGlu
N-acetyl-D-glucosamine
67
complete name for Fuc
L-fucose
68
In type A blood the non-reducing end is?
NAGal (N-acetyl-D-galactosamine)
69
in type B blood what is the non-reducing end?
Gal (D-galactose)
70
in type AB blood what non reducing end is present
bothe NAGal and Gal
71
in type O blood what non reducing end is present?
neither NAGal or Gal
72
WHat is known as "milk sugar"
galactose
73
What linkage does sucrose have
alpha-1-beta-2 linkage
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