Difference Approach
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1
Who is the main linguist and when? (difference approach)
Deborah Tannen 1990
2
Name Tannen's book
You Just Don't Understand
3
What were Tannen's 6 key differences?
*S*tatus vs *s*upport
*I*ndependence vs *i*ntimay
*C*onflict vs *c*ompromise
Advice vs understanding
Info vs feelings
Orders vs proposals
*I*ndependence vs *i*ntimay
*C*onflict vs *c*ompromise
Advice vs understanding
Info vs feelings
Orders vs proposals
4
Define *troubles talk*
Women talk about troubles to increase closeness
Men hear troubles as a request for a solution
Men hear troubles as a request for a solution
5
4 criticisms of Difference approach
- Encourages differences (Victoria Bergvall)
- Job discrimination (Deborah Cameron)
- Leads to stereotypes
- Issues with sexual consent (Kitzinger and Frith)
- Job discrimination (Deborah Cameron)
- Leads to stereotypes
- Issues with sexual consent (Kitzinger and Frith)
6
Define *meta-messages*
What we mean but don't explicitly articulate
7
Outline the 2 types of speakers (Tannen)
High involvement = leading and back channeling (men)
High considerateness = speak more slowly and avoid interruptions/overlap (women)
High considerateness = speak more slowly and avoid interruptions/overlap (women)
8
Outline the 2 types of talk (Tannen)
Report talk - direct reporting on something (men)
Rapport talk - creates and sustains relationships (women)
Rapport talk - creates and sustains relationships (women)
9
Deborah Jones method
Used introspection
Focused on her own language and language of her speech community
Outlined 4 categories of women's language
Focused on her own language and language of her speech community
Outlined 4 categories of women's language
10
Minor linguist (difference approach) and when
Deborah Jones 1990
11
What were the 4 categories of women's language (Jones)?
House talk (exchange of info / resources about woman's role)
Scandal (judging others, especially women, in terms of domestics)
Bitching (over anger about woman's inferior status for general support not solution)
Chatting (intimate gossip which involves self disclosure)
Scandal (judging others, especially women, in terms of domestics)
Bitching (over anger about woman's inferior status for general support not solution)
Chatting (intimate gossip which involves self disclosure)
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