Criminology Unit 4
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1
Which 2 houses are
involved in making a law?
involved in making a law?
House of commons and house of lords
2
What has to occur at the end of the law making process?
Royal assent
3
What happens to the bill
by the two houses?
by the two houses?
Scrutinised and
amendments are made.
amendments are made.
4
Who is involved in scruitinising the bill?
Select Commitee and the Other House
5
What is it called when the bill is passed back and forth between the 2 houses?
ping-pong
6
What 4 weak things
results in delinquent
behaviour or crime
conductWho influence Travis
Hirshi's social bond theory?
results in delinquent
behaviour or crime
conductWho influence Travis
Hirshi's social bond theory?
Belief, Commitment,
attachment, involvement
attachment, involvement
7
"The..... Monitoring
the....."was what design?
the....."was what design?
Few, many, Panopticon
8
Who came up with Social
Bond Theory?
Bond Theory?
Hirshi
9
Who influence Travis
Hirshi's social bond theory?
Hirshi's social bond theory?
Bowlby's - Maternal
Deprivation
Deprivation
10
Social Control theory is the way in which
people....are controlled?
people....are controlled?
thoughts, feelings,
appearances and
behaviours
appearances and
behaviours
11
What are the key aims of punishment?
Reparation, Retribution,
Rehabilitation, Public Protection and
Deterrence
Rehabilitation, Public Protection and
Deterrence
12
What are the two main
forms of external social control?
forms of external social control?
Coercion and Fear of punishment
13
Which of the 10
commandments have
been turned into laws?
commandments have
been turned into laws?
You must not commit murder, You must not steal and you must not give false evidence against your neighbour.
14
What 4 main agencies do the police work with outside the CJS?
Clinical commissioning group, police crime commissioner, safety partnerships and criminal justice board.
15
What are the four main forms of punishment?
Imprisonment,
Community sentences,
financialischarge
Community sentences,
financialischarge
16
no "..." = "...." according to Hirischi
Personal Bond, attachment
17
Case Study: lan Tomlinson according to
the due process model is...
the due process model is...
innocent Bystander
18
Case Study: lan Tomlinson according to
the crime control model is?
the crime control model is?
A G20 Protester
19
How may more times is suicide likely in prison?
and what percentage of men and women have previous psychiatric admissions before entering prison?
and what percentage of men and women have previous psychiatric admissions before entering prison?
8.6, 10% men and 30% women
20
What is differential association?
Criminal behaviour is learned through the
interaction with other in communication.
interaction with other in communication.
21
What is deterrence?
Trying to stop (deter) people from committing crime using forms of punishment
22
What is reparation?
Giving something back to the victim - restorative justice.
23
Does the death penalty work? (statistics)
6/10 countries with the highest murder rates have the death penalty.
In America states that had the death penalty had higher homicide rates
In America states that had the death penalty had higher homicide rates
24
what is retribution
A harsh punishment seen as revenge. It consists of matching the punishment to the crime committed
25
What are the 3 main
priorities of the Met?
priorities of the Met?
Tackling violent crime (knife crime), countering terrorism and protecting children.
26
How are prisons not effective? (list 3)
-Drugs and alcohol are
still being consumed
-The number of prisoners
out way the number of guards
-Bullying and Violence still takes place
-Rehabilitation doesn't happen
still being consumed
-The number of prisoners
out way the number of guards
-Bullying and Violence still takes place
-Rehabilitation doesn't happen
27
define Individual deterrence What does Durham think the aims of punishment should be?
Punishment given to the
offender will deter them
from committing further crimes e.g. suspended sentences.
offender will deter them
from committing further crimes e.g. suspended sentences.
28
Define general deterrence.
The fear of punishment will prevent others from Committing similar crimes.
29
Give examples of what non-violent coercion is
Boycotts, peer pressure groups, strikes,
campaigns
campaigns
30
What does Durham think the aims of punishment should be?
-Deterrence
-the offernder giving back to the victim
- The offender taking responsibility for their actions
-protect the community
-change the culture of the police and
government
-the offernder giving back to the victim
- The offender taking responsibility for their actions
-protect the community
-change the culture of the police and
government
31
What prison focuses highly on rehabilitation?
Bastoy prison in Norway
32
what is the ultimate form of retribution?
death penalty
33
who came up with the panopticon?
Foucault
34
Name 3 key features of
the due process model.
the due process model.
Presumption of innocence, Obstacle
Course, Considered justice.
Course, Considered justice.
35
Name 3 key features of
the crime control model.
the crime control model.
Presumption of guilt,
conveyor belt, swift justice.
conveyor belt, swift justice.
36
What are the 3 key parts of internal social control?
Tradition, rational ideology, internalisation of social rules and morality
37
What are environmental tactics?
Gated Lanes, Vegetation, visibility, panopticon, organised (locks, CCTV), Natural (boarders, windows)
38
what does CEPTED stand for?
Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design.
39
What are behavioural tactics?
Token Economy, ASBO'S
(now know as CBO'S)
(now know as CBO'S)
40
What are institutional tactics?
disciplinary procedures -
Rule making
Rule making
41
Give and example of someone who got
multiple ASBO's and it wasn't successful?
multiple ASBO's and it wasn't successful?
David White
42
On average in prisons how many attacks are there on staff?
23
43
How many attacks on prison staff happened last year?
8429
44
What is a disadvantage
of token economy?
of token economy?
- Not very long term
- May not reduce reoffending as when out of the prison the reward for good behaviour is no longer there
- May not reduce reoffending as when out of the prison the reward for good behaviour is no longer there
45
define token economy
When desired behavior is displayed it is rewarded with a token to reinforce and encourage the behaviour to happen again. (positive reinforcement)
46
What does ASBO and CBO stand for?
Anti Social Behavior OrderCriminal
Behaviour Order
Behaviour Order
47
What is a disadvantage of privatising probation officers?
- They don't have the experience and skills of other probation workers.
- They don't have the same on relationship as non-private probation workers.
-Telephone calls may not have the same affect as face to face meetings
- They don't have the same on relationship as non-private probation workers.
-Telephone calls may not have the same affect as face to face meetings
48
Did re-offending reduce or increase when privatisation of probation occured?
increased
49
Which theory influenced the token economy system in prisons?
Skinner's Opperant Conditioning - social
learning theory
learning theory
50
Name one case studies where the CPS and police failed
Stephen Lawrence
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