Bio
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1
Ecology
Study of interactions between organisms and their environment
2
Trophic Levels
Producer, Primary Consumer, Secondary Consumer, Tertiary Consumer
3
10% Rule
Only 10% of energy in one trophic is passed onto the next.
4
Ecological Pyramids
Pyramid of Numbers
Pyramid of Energy
Pyramid of Biomass
Pyramid of Energy
Pyramid of Biomass
5
Food Chains
A series of steps in which organisms transfer energy by eating and being eaten
6
Food Webs
Interconnected food chains that show feeding relationships in an ecosystem
7
Abiotic vs Biotic
Abiotic - Non Living
Biotic - Living
Biotic - Living
8
Symbiotic Relationships
Relationships with dependency on two organisms
9
3 Types of Symbiotic Relationships
Mutualism, Commensalism, Parasitism
10
Parasitism
One benefits, other harmed; dog and tick
11
Mutualism
Both benefit; bee and flower
12
Commensalism
One benefits, other unaffected; whale and barnacles
13
Levels of Organization
organelle, cells, tissues, organs, organ systems, organisms, populations, communities, ecosystem, and biosphere.
14
Survivorship Curves
Number of individuals surviving to each age for a group
15
Three Types of Survivorship Curves
1,2,3
16
Demography
Study of Population
17
Population Dynamics
Changes in population through time and space
18
Three Ways for Counting Population
Random Sampling
Mark & Recapture
Quadrant Sampling
Mark & Recapture
Quadrant Sampling
19
Random Sampling
Each member has an equal chance of inclusion
20
Mark & Recapture
Capture small number, mark them and release. Catch another group, count # of marks.
21
Quadrant Sampling
Organisms counted directly, then used to estimate rest of habitat.
22
Species Diversity
Number of different species in biosphere.
23
Species Richness
Number of species in a community
24
Photosynthesis
Occurs only in plants
Plant makes glucose from light, carbon dioxide, and water
Plant makes glucose from light, carbon dioxide, and water
25
What organelle hosts photosynthesis
Chloroplast
26
Where in the plant does photosynthesis occur?
leaves
27
Reactants and products of photosynthesis
Reactants: CO2 and H2O
Products: C6H12O6 (glucose) and O2
Products: C6H12O6 (glucose) and O2
28
Cellular Respiration
Cell turns glucose into energy
29
Where does Cellular Respiration occur
Mitochondria
30
Reactants and Products of Cellular Respiration
Reactants: C6H12O6 (glucose) 6O2
Products: 6CO2, 6H2O, and ATP
Products: 6CO2, 6H2O, and ATP
31
Carbon Cycle
flow of carbon between atmosphere and earth
32
States of Carbon Cycle
Photosynthesis, Cellular Respiration, Decomposition, Combustion
33
Water Cycle
Evaporation, Condensation, Precipitation
34
Cells
basic structural units of life (smallest too)
35
Cell Wall
Prokaryotic cells, plant cells, outside plasma membrane, protection
36
Cytoplasm
Jellylike material that surrounds organelles
37
Ribosomes
Site of protein synthesis
38
Nucleus
Control center of the cell
39
Vacuoles
Saclike structures that store materials like water and proteins
40
Lysosomes
Small organelles filled with enzymes
41
Mitochondria
Powerhouse of the cell
42
Golgi Bodies
Sort proteins and other substances and packages them
43
2 Cell Types
Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic
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