Applications 8

  X  = osmolarity

  X  = Effective osmotic pressure

For tonicity, we only compare effective  

Solution will flow to the side with the higher effective  

Normal values range from  to   mOsm/kg for plasma

If you need to replace 1 L of intersittial fluid, you would actually need to add liters because that space is   the  .

For hypovolemia/Hypotension (isotonic correction), you can correct with   isotonic saline

For hypovolemia/hypotension correcting with
(hypotonic correction) you would need   to correct. Not ideal because  overall osmolarity

For hpovolemia/hypotension correcting with
(hypertonic correction), you would need  . Not ideal bceaue it   overall osmolarity