Nutrient cycling
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1
Where is nitrogen stored?
95% is in the Earth's crust, mantle, and core
of the 5% remaining, 49% in organic matter, 49% in atmosphere as N2, 1% in biomass
of the 5% remaining, 49% in organic matter, 49% in atmosphere as N2, 1% in biomass
2
How do materials move between reservoirs
Bacterial action in many forms
3
Nitrogen fixation
Converting atmospheric N2 to biologically available forms of nitrate and ammonium (certain bacteria)
4
Why can only a few organisms convert Nitrogen?
Breaking N2 requires lots of energy
5
How much have humans affected the changing of the cycling of nutrients
Humans have doubled nitrogen in the biosphere
6
What are some consequences of human nitrogen fixation
Too many nutrients leads to eutrophication (excessive plant growth like algae)
7
Denitrification
Loss of nitrate back to atmosphere (usually N2, sometimes N2O)
8
Where is nutrients stored in the phosphorus cycle
Lithosphere, water
9
How do materials move between reservoirs (phosphorus cycle)
No gaseous form, only cycles locally
10
How does phosphorus act in ecosystems
Decreases terrestrial diversity, causes eutrophication in aquatic systems
11
Prairie strips
Strips of perennial vegetation in agriculture fields, reduce phosphorus and nitrogen export by over 80%
12
Where is nutrient stored in the carbon cycle
Ocean, soil, atmosphere
13
How do materials in the carbon cycle move between reservoirs?
Photosynthesis, respiration
14
How are humans affecting the cycling of nutrients in the carbon cycle
mining sequestered carbon and burning to fuel activities, deforestation, cultivating soil
15
Global climate change
Increases in greenhouse gasses cause increases in global temp
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