Inorganic Ions
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1
What is an ion?
An atom (or group of atoms) that has an electric charge
2
What is a positively charged ion called?
Cation
3
What is a negatively charged ion called?
Anion
4
What is an inorganic ion?
An ion that doesn’t contain carbon (with a few exceptions)
5
Where are inorganic ions found in organisms?
In the cytoplasm of cells and body fluids
6
What determines the role of an ion in the body?
Its properties
7
What is haemoglobin?
A large protein that carries oxygen around the body in red blood cells
8
What is at the center of each polypeptide chain in haemoglobin?
An iron ion (Fe2+)
9
What binds to oxygen in haemoglobin?
The Fe2+ ion
10
What happens to Fe2+ when it binds oxygen?
It temporarily becomes Fe3+ until oxygen is released
11
How is pH determined?
By the concentration of hydrogen ions (H+) in the environment
12
What happens to pH when H+ concentration increases?
The pH decreases, making the environment more acidic
13
How do enzyme-controlled reactions relate to pH?
They are all affected by pH
14
What helps transport glucose and amino acids across membranes?
Sodium ions (Na+)
15
What is the process of transporting glucose or amino acids with sodium ions called?
Co-transport
16
What is a phosphate ion (PO43-) attached to another molecule called?
A phosphate group
17
What molecules contain phosphate groups?
DNA, RNA, and ATP
18
What stores energy in ATP?
The bonds between phosphate groups
19
What allows nucleotides to form polynucleotides in DNA and RNA?
The phosphate groups
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