chp 14: darwin and evolution

Lamarck believed that organisms adapted to their environment, resuliting in diversity

physical traits gained during their life time; use and disuse of a structure can bring about inherited change (ex: the giraffe necks developed from stretching to reach food)

erosion and uplift of the earth's surface (both slow procedures)

a mutation that helps an organism survive in its environment

humans choose particular traits

reproductive success of an individual relative to other members of the population

layers of rock or sedimentary material, the depositation and cementation of sediment over time

remains of once-living organisms

formation of a new species

It shows how that organism was not fit to live in that one area

process in which organisms that are not closely related independently evolve similar features

anatomical features that are fully developed in one group of organisms but reduced and nonfunctional in other similar groups (ex: tailbone)

anatomically similar by inheritance (ex: a human's arms vs a cat's arms)

structures serve the same function but are not constructed similarly (ex: bird and insect wings)

tailbone

DNA, ATP, and proteins

branch of biology dealing with embryonic development and how genes affect this process; compares the developmental process of different organisms to infer how this evolution occured