lecture 7 * PDD*

what is 'normal' depends on the context

in more western countries is typical

not as normative in African countries

two drinks or 4 drinks in one sitting ( male below 65)

one drink / 3 drink sin one sitting ( women and men over 65)

bindge drinking or heavy drinking

bindge drinking is specifically a problems for young adults ( 16 to 24) males and females

30 % of individuals say that they tried marijuana at least one

5% cocaine 4% MDM 3% amphetamines

marijauan has the highet increase in use over the last years

substance use disorder is cognitive , behavioural and physicological symptoms that indicate that an individual : continues to use a substance despite substance related problems

depressants

stimulants

hallucinogens

other

1. Alcohol Use Disorder
2. Opioid Use Disorder
3. Sedative, Hypnotic, or Anxiolytic Use Disorder

1. Stimulant Use Disorder
2. Tobacco Use Disorder

1. Cannabis Use Disorder
2. Phencyclidine (PCP) Use Disorder
3. Other Hallucinogen Use Disorder

1. Inhalant Use Disorder
2. Other (or Unknown) Substance Use Disorder

A. Gambling disorders

B. Substance Use Disorders

affects of the drugs when in your system

s the group of symptoms that occur upon the abrupt discontinuation or decrease in the intake of pharmaceutical or recreational drugs

1. impaired control
2. social impairment
3. risky use
4. pharmacological

1. using larger amounts or over a longer period of time than intended
2. persistent desire or unsuccesful efforts to cut off or control use
3. great deal of time spent in obtaining , using and or recovering form
4. craving or a strong desire or urge to use

1. recurrent use resulting in failure to fulfill major role obligations
2. continued use despite persistent or recurrent social or interpersonal porblems caused or exacerbated by use
3. important social , occupational or recreational activities are given up or reduced because of use

1. recurrent use in physically hazardeous situations
2. continued use despite knowledge of having a persistent or recurrent physical or physiological problems that is caused or exacerbated by use

1. tolerance : defined by need of increased amounts to achieve desired effect
2. withdrawal : either with withdrawal symptoms or continued use to relive or avoid withdrawal

2 3 symptoms

4 5 symptoms

6+ symptoms

using a soft drug opens the gate of use until harder drugs

pot opens the door to heroin

cannabis → cocaine → heroine

genes + psychological traits + family use + peer use + sociocultural attitude + policies and legality

= predisposition to substance use

the type of drug is decide by what is available at the moment

strats in the back goes to front

1. prefrontal cortex
2. amygdala
3. reward seeking region

planning and cosequences , control impulses

hightened emotions , aggresion , impulsions

drives teenger rewarding or renforcing expirinces ( feel good )

drinking or stealing

1. inhibitory control
2. motivation
3. reward/salience
4. memory or learning

dopmaine is released

travels up to frontal cortex

dopamine reaches inhibition control

we stop when it gets to prefrontal cortex

food : 150

sex : 200

nicotine : above 200

ethanol : highest level above 200

morphone : 220

cocaine : 320

amphetamine : 1000

brain adjusts , decreases topamine , decreases dopamine receptors

incentive salince

trigger the craving of use

cigaret smoke , spoons (heroine), going in places where you used