1Great Schism (1054 CE)?
Split between Western Catholic and Eastern Orthodox churches.
2Two causes of Great Schism?
1. Papal Authority (Pope vs collective ruleing). 2. Filioque Clause (Holy Spirit debate, adding "and the son' for the catholics).
3Protestant Reformation (1517 CE)?
Martin Luther protesting Catholic Church corruption.
4Meaning of Sola Scriptura?
Bible alone holds religious authority.
5Meaning of Sola Fide?
Faith alone saves a person.
6Three new Protestant branches?
1. Lutheran 2. Calvinist 3. Anglican (Church of England).
7Council of Trent (1545)?
Catholic Counter-Reformation. Fixed corruption but kept Catholic doctrines.
8Supreme authority for Catholics?
The Pope.
9Supreme authority for Protestants?
The Bible (Sola Scriptura).
10Number of Catholic/Orthodox sacraments?
Seven (7) sacraments.
11Number of Protestant sacraments?
Two (2): Baptism and Holy Communion.
12Key feature of Orthodox worship?
Use of Icons (sacred paintings).
13How Christianity arrived in Australia?
With the First Fleet (1788) via British colonisers.
14Early Australian Sectarianism?
Tension/discrimination between Anglo-Protestants and Irish-Catholics.
15Definition of Ecumenism?
Cooperation between different Christian denominations.
16Local Ecumenical group?
NCCA (National Council of Churches in Australia).
17Definition of Interfaith Dialogue?
Cooperation between different world religions (e.g., Christians and Muslims).
18Goal of Interfaith Dialogue?
Promote peace, resolve conflict, and combat racism.
19What was Christianity's earliest phase?
A small sect within Judaism under Roman rule called the Jesus Movement.
20What was the Constantinian Shift in 313 CE?
Emperor Constantine legalised Christianity, turning it into the official Roman religion.
21Where were the two geographic power bases of the Great Schism?
The Western Church in Rome and the Eastern Church in Constantinople.
22What was a major political result of the Protestant Reformation?
It weakened the Pope's international power and strengthened local European monarchs.
23What was the primary civic role of early Christian clergy in Australia?
They acted as government magistrates and moral police for the convict colony.
24How did post-WWII migration change Australia's religious landscape?
Mass European migration introduced large numbers of Orthodox and Southern European Catholic Christians.
25What global body represents over 350 Christian churches in ecumenical unity?
The World Council of Churches (WCC).